Nitrogen Oxide Purification via Condensation Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for purifying nitrogen oxides, such as nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), face challenges including safety concerns due to ultra-low temperature requirements and the complexity of multicomponent systems, which can lead to inefficient purification and increased risk of explosions.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a condensation-separation step that cools and/or pressurizes a source gas containing NO and NO2 to equilibrate and separate dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3) and dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4), allowing for the efficient purification of NO or NO2 without the need for ultra-low temperature condensation of NO, thereby enhancing safety. This process involves adjusting the concentration of NO and NO2 before the condensation-separation step to optimize purification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If distillation is performed to purify nitrogen oxide, then purity of nitrogen oxide is improved, but safety deteriorates due to explosion risk at ultra-low temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the temperature and pressure parameters of the purification process. Instead of using ultra-low temperature distillation, the method employs moderate temperature condensation combined with pressure control to separate nitrogen oxides, thereby maintaining purity while eliminating explosion risks associated with liquefied NO
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes phase transition of nitrogen oxides from gas to condensed state through controlled cooling and pressurization. By adjusting temperature and pressure to achieve condensation without complete liquefaction, the method separates nitrogen oxides effectively while avoiding the dangerous fully-liquefied state that poses explosion risks
2Manufacturing precision
If zeolite adsorbent is used to purify nitrogen oxide, then separation is achieved, but device complexity increases due to multiple columns and adsorbent types
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and utilizes the natural condensation properties of nitrogen oxides based on their boiling points. By simply cooling and pressurizing the gas mixture, different nitrogen oxides condense at different temperatures, achieving separation without complex adsorbent systems or multiple columns
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a condensation chamber as an intermediary device between the source and purification stages. This single chamber facilitates the phase transition and separation of nitrogen oxides through controlled temperature and pressure, replacing the need for multiple complex adsorption columns
3Manufacturing precision
If multiple nitrogen oxide species are present in source gas, then purification target becomes more complex, but purification efficiency decreases due to increased system complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs systematic parameter changes in temperature and pressure to address multicomponent complexity. By gradually adjusting these parameters, different nitrogen oxide species condense in a predictable sequence based on their boiling points, enabling efficient separation of complex mixtures in a single streamlined process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively increases the purity of NO or NO2 in a single step, eliminating the need for dangerous ultra-low temperature condensation and simplifying the purification process, ensuring high safety and efficiency in purifying nitrogen oxides from multicomponent sources.
Implementation Method 1
a condensation-separation step for cooling and/or pressurizing a source gas containing nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), thereby giving condensed dinitrogen trioxide (condensed N2O3) and/or condensed dinitrogen tetraoxide (condensed N2O4)
Implementation Method 2
The reaction of NO and NO2 that gives N2O3 is an exothermic reaction, and also reduces the molecular number, and hence the equilibrium of the chemical formula (1) is shifted to the right side by cooling and pressurizing
Data Source
AI summary
A nitrogen oxide purifying apparatus includes a gas absorption vessel (1) and a condenser (6), where the vessel receives an absorption solution containing liquefied N2O4 for absorbing NO and also receives a source gas to vary the temperature and/or pressure of the source gas and the absorption solution, while the condenser receives a gas from the gas absorption vessel (1) to vary the temperature and/or pressure of the gas. In the gas absorption vessel (1), the absorption solution containing liquefied N2O4 may be applied to the source gas containing NO, so that NO is absorbed in the absorption solution. Then the absorption-solution is heated and/or depressurized to generate an intermediate gas containing a relatively large amount of NO and a smaller amount of NO2 from the absorption solution. In the condenser (6), the intermediate gas is cooled and/or pressurized to give condensed N2O3 and/or condensed N2O4.