Numerical Controller Tool Compensation Interpolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional numerical controllers for machine tools experience mechanical shock during tool compensation in path table operations due to sudden changes in tool velocity, which can adversely affect machining precision.
Innovation Solution
A numerical controller that interpolates tool-compensation amounts over a set compensation velocity at regular intervals, gradually varying the compensation to prevent sudden changes in tool velocity and thus mitigate mechanical shock.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If tool compensation is performed by outputting the difference between compensation amounts in one lump at the commanded position, then tool compensation can be applied, but mechanical shock occurs due to sudden changes in tool velocity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the tool compensation amount into multiple segments and outputs them sequentially over a predetermined period rather than in one lump. This segmentation of the compensation amount prevents sudden velocity changes and mechanical shock while achieving the desired tool compensation precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by outputting tool compensation amounts in advance over a predetermined period before the actual machining operation. This preliminary gradual compensation prevents mechanical shock during the actual machining by preparing the system in advance with controlled velocity changes.
2Productivity
If tool compensation amount is outputted in one lump at the commanded position, then compensation is applied quickly, but tool velocity changes suddenly causing mechanical shock
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic action by outputting tool compensation amounts at regular intervals over a predetermined period rather than in a single instantaneous action. This periodic output method maintains tool velocity stability while still achieving compensation application, preventing mechanical shock through controlled timing.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary action by gradually outputting compensation amounts before the actual machining operation. This preliminary gradual compensation ensures velocity stability is maintained while compensation is still applied effectively to achieve the desired machining precision.
3Manufacturing precision
If large difference in compensation amounts is outputted at once, then compensation effect is achieved, but mechanical shock and adverse influence on machining occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments large compensation amount differences into smaller incremental outputs distributed over a predetermined period. This segmentation maintains the overall compensation effect needed for manufacturing precision while preventing mechanical shock by avoiding sudden large changes in tool velocity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies beforehand cushioning by gradually outputting compensation amounts over a predetermined period before the actual machining operation. This cushioning approach prevents mechanical shock and adverse influences by smoothing out large compensation differences in advance, ensuring stable machining conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
A numerical controller capable of mitigating mechanical shock caused by tool compensation while a machine tool is operated according to table data. X- and Z-axis path tables Tx, Tz store X- and Z-axis positions corresponding to reference positions (time or spindle position). A tool compensation table Tt stores X- and Z-axis compensation amounts (tool compensation numbers) associated with the respective reference positions. At every predetermined period, X- and Z-axis path table interpolators read command positions from the path tables Tx, Tz based on the reference position, and obtain command motion amounts by interpolation. X- and Z-axis tool interpolators read compensation amounts from the tool compensation table Tt based on the reference position, and obtain compensation motion amounts by interpolation. Adders add up the command motion amounts and the respective compensation motion amounts to drive respective motors. The tool compensation amounts are gradually varied, whereby mechanical shock does not occur.