Digital Watermarking for Numerical Data Using LSB Noise Embedding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing digital watermarking techniques are vulnerable to attacks like subset, deletion, and alteration attacks, especially when applied to structured numerical data, and there is a lack of research on digital watermarking for this type of data to prevent data tampering and security breaches.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus for embedding and extracting digital watermarks into and from numerical data sets by selecting data noise portions and replacing the least significant bits (LSB) with unique digital watermarks, which are resilient to attacks and do not rely on primary key attributes, allowing for robust and invisible watermarking.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If file-level digital watermarking is applied to protect data security, then copyright identification and ownership proof are improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to subset attacks where copied data subsets can leak without damaging the watermark
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the digital watermark into multiple segments and embeds them across different data cells using a distributed watermarking scheme. This segmentation ensures that no single subset of data contains the complete watermark, making subset attacks ineffective as the watermark remains fragmented and unusable in copied subsets.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a secret key as an intermediary element that controls the watermark embedding and extraction processes. The secret key enables the watermark to be embedded in a way that is invisible to attackers but recoverable by authorized parties, providing an additional layer of protection against subset attacks.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If cell-level database digital watermarking is applied to resist subset attacks, then resistance to copying and leaking is improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to deletion and alteration attacks that can destroy the watermark
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs error correction codes as a cushioning mechanism that is embedded along with the watermark data. This error correction capability allows the system to tolerate a certain number of deletions or alterations in the data cells while still being able to successfully extract and verify the watermark, thus protecting against deletion and alteration attacks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses reversible data transformation techniques that change the parameter representation of the data cells while preserving the underlying information. This allows the watermark to be embedded in a transformed parameter space where deletion and alteration attacks have reduced impact, and the original watermark can be recovered through inverse transformation.
3Reliability
If digital watermarking is embedded into numerical data to prevent data tampering, then data security and provenance are improved, but data quality and usability for analysis may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent embeds watermark information locally in specific data cells rather than uniformly across all data. By strategically selecting which cells to modify and using efficient embedding techniques, the watermark is hidden in locations that have minimal impact on the overall data quality and statistical properties required for analysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses lossless or near-lossless data representation techniques where the watermark is embedded in a copied or transformed version of the data that preserves the original data's analytical properties. This allows the watermark to be present without degrading the quality of the data for its intended analytical purposes.
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a method for embedding a digital watermark into and extracting a digital watermark from a numerical data set. In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for embedding a digital watermark into a numerical data set. The method includes selecting portions of the numerical data set identified as data noise, the selected portions to be used for embedding the digital watermark into the numerical data set, the digital watermark being unique for each recipient of the numerical data. The method further includes replacing the least significant bit (LSB) of at least some of the selected portions of the numerical data set with at least portion of the digital watermark.