NV-Center Diamond Magnetic Sensor With Coaxial Waveguide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing magnetic sensors using nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond crystals face inefficiencies in the incidence of light waves and microwaves due to spatial propagation, limiting sensitivity and miniaturization.
Innovation Solution
The magnetic sensor design incorporates a diamond substrate with NV centers, integrated with a waveguide body using a matching material and solder, allowing coaxial propagation of light waves and microwaves with low loss, enabling efficient incidence and stable transmission without the need for additional covers, facilitating high sensitivity and miniaturization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If spatial propagation is used for light waves and microwaves, then the magnetic sensor can be constructed, but the incidence efficiency is low and sensitivity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the light wave path and microwave path into a coaxial structure where both waves propagate through the same spatial region. The optical waveguide and microwave transmission line are integrated such that exciting light and microwaves are incident on the diamond crystal simultaneously and coaxially, eliminating the need for separate propagation paths and improving incidence efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The waveguide body serves multiple functions: it acts as both an optical waveguide for light waves and a microwave transmission line for microwaves. This multi-functional structure allows both types of waves to be transmitted through the same physical medium, reducing structural complexity and improving overall system efficiency
2Reliability
If additional covers are added to protect the diamond crystal, then the crystal is protected, but the structure becomes complex and miniaturization is hindered
Solution Approach 1:
The waveguide body is designed to serve as both the transmission medium for waves and the protective structure for the diamond crystal. By making the waveguide body itself protective rather than adding separate covers, the patent eliminates additional components while maintaining crystal protection, thus reducing structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The protective function is merged with the waveguide body structure. Instead of having a separate protective cover layer, the waveguide body's physical structure provides both wave transmission and mechanical protection functions simultaneously, simplifying the overall device architecture
3Reliability
If separate paths are used for light waves and microwaves, then the transmission is stable, but the device size increases and miniaturization is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the optical waveguide and microwave transmission line into a coaxial structure where both waves share the same spatial path. This integration dramatically reduces the device footprint while maintaining stable transmission of both wave types through proper structural design and material selection
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves high sensitivity in detecting minute magnetic charges, allows for miniaturization, and improves the incidence efficiency of light waves and microwaves, capturing spatial distribution variations with high resolution.
Implementation Method 1
exciting light irradiating the first layer of the substrate and emitting the fluorescence. The fluorescence has light intensity changed by electron spin resonance in the first layer of the substrate
Implementation Method 2
a line configured to transmit a microwave that generates electron spin resonance to the conductive pattern
Implementation Method 3
an optical waveguide configured to transmit exciting light and fluorescence
Data Source
AI summary
A magnetic sensor includes a diamond substrate and a waveguide body in contact with the diamond substrate. The diamond substrate includes, on a surface not in contact with the waveguide body, a first layer including a diamond crystal on which an NV center is disposed and, on a surface in contact with the waveguide body, a second layer on which a conductive pattern is disposed. The waveguide body includes a line configured to transmit a microwave that generates electron spin resonance to the conductive pattern and an optical waveguide configured to transmit exciting light and fluorescence, the exciting light irradiating the diamond substrate and emitting the fluorescence in the first layer of the diamond substrate.