NVIS Gateway Modulating Digital Data via Ionospheric Refraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless communication technologies for IoT devices, such as LoRaWAN and 'Generation' telecommunications networks, face limitations in range and applicability due to line-of-sight requirements and the inability to operate effectively in obstructed or remote areas.
Innovation Solution
A wireless digital network using near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) technology, which employs digital data encapsulated in analog ionospheric refracted signals and modulates signals based on dynamic channel selection and multi-domain multiplexing, allowing for communication over long distances without line-of-sight requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If LoRaWAN operates in UHF band with line-of-sight deployment, then communication range is achieved (around one mile), but communication reliability deteriorates when obstacles are present (mountainous areas, obstructed locations)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental propagation parameter from line-of-sight UHF radio waves to skywave propagation using lower frequency bands (HF/VHF). This parameter change enables the system to overcome obstacles by utilizing the ionosphere for signal reflection, thereby maintaining both long range and reliability in obstructed areas simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The ionosphere serves as an intermediary medium that facilitates communication in obstructed areas. By using the ionosphere as a reflective surface, the system can route signals around obstacles like mountains, enabling reliable communication where direct line-of-sight is unavailable.
2Length of moving object
If Generation telecommunications networks (3G, 4G, 5G) are used to provide communication at larger distances (around 45 miles), then communication range is improved, but device complexity and infrastructure requirements worsen due to the need for base stations in every location
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the communication function from complex infrastructure-based systems (cell towers, base stations) and implements it through simple skywave propagation using portable devices. This eliminates the need for extensive base station deployment while maintaining long-range communication capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system enables self-service communication where portable devices can communicate directly with each other through skywave propagation without requiring intermediate base stations or cellular infrastructure. Each device serves its own communication needs independently.
3Length of moving object
If satellite communications are used for long-distance IoT device communication, then communication range is achieved, but power consumption and cost worsen at large scale deployments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs inexpensive, low-power portable radio devices that can be deployed without costly satellite infrastructure. These simple HF/VHF radios consume minimal power compared to satellite terminals, making them economically viable for large-scale IoT deployments while achieving long-range communication.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The NVIS network enables reliable communication over long distances, including obstructed areas, by dynamically adjusting frequencies and antenna angles based on real-time geolocation and ionospheric conditions, thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional wireless communication technologies.
Implementation Method 1
The gateway device modulates signals between the first digital computer network and the near vertical incident skywave area network based on dynamic channel selection and multi-domain multiplexing
Implementation Method 2
communicates on a near vertical incident skywave area network using digital data encapsulated in analog ionospheric refracted signals
Implementation Method 3
near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) technology, which employs digital data encapsulated in analog ionospheric refracted signals
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, a gateway device communicates on a first digital computer network. The gateway device also communicates on a near vertical incident skywave area network using digital data encapsulated in analog ionospheric refracted signals. The gateway device further modulates signals between the first digital computer network and the near vertical incident skywave area network based on dynamic channel selection and multi-domain multiplexing.