O2-Like Electrode Active Material for Higher High-Voltage Capacity
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing electrode active materials with an O2-like structure have a limited ratio of capacity at high potentials to the total capacity, necessitating improvements for enhanced performance.
Innovation Solution
The development of an electrode active material with specific O2-like structures, such as O2-type, T#2-type, and O6-type structures, having a chemical composition LiaNabNix-pCoy-qMnz-rMp+q+rO2, where 0<a≤1.00, 0≤b≤0.20, 0.15<x<0.35, 0.15<y<0.45, 0.25<z<0.50, and x+y+z=1, and 0≤p+q+r<0.17, and incorporating elements like B, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and W, is stabilized, and a production method that includes coating a precursor with a Na source, forming a Na-containing oxide, and exchanging Na with Li to create a Li-containing oxide.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ion exchange of Na into Li is performed in Na-containing oxide with P2-type structure, then O2-like structure is obtained, but the ratio of capacity at high potential to total capacity is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by introducing element M at specific crystallographic sites (octahedral or tetrahedral sites) within the O2-like structure. This localized doping at specific positions allows optimization of high potential capacity while maintaining overall structural stability, resolving the contradiction between capacity ratio improvement and structural complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by systematically varying the composition parameters (x, y, z values representing Ni, Co, Mn ratios) and the amount of element M (parameter p+q+r) to optimize the structure. By adjusting these compositional parameters within specific ranges, the patent achieves both high capacity ratio and structural stability simultaneously.
2Manufacturing precision
If real firing is performed at high temperature to form Na-containing oxide, then P2-type structure is obtained, but structural stability during ion exchange may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing real firing at controlled high temperatures (800-900°C) before ion exchange to pre-form the stable P2-type Na-containing oxide structure. This preliminary structural formation ensures that the subsequent ion exchange process occurs in a stable framework, preventing structural collapse while achieving the desired O2-like structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transitions by controlling the thermal treatment to transform the precursor through specific phase changes into the P2-type structure, and subsequently into the O2-like structure during ion exchange. By managing these phase transitions at controlled temperatures, the patent maintains structural stability throughout the transformation process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution increases the capacity at high potentials, improving the energy density and rate characteristics of the battery by stabilizing the O2-like structure and reducing lithium-ion conduction resistance.
Implementation Method 1
contact of an ion-exchange material with the Na-containing oxide and ion-exchange of at least some of Na contained in the Na-containing oxide into Li
Data Source
AI summary
An electrode active material in the present disclosure has at least one O2-like structure selected from among an O2-type structure, a T#2-type structure, and an O6-type structure, and has a chemical composition shown as LiaNabNix-pCOy-qMnz-rMp+q+rO2(0<a≤1.00, 0≤b≤0.20, 0.15<x<0.35, 0.15<y<0.45, 0.25<z<0.50, x+y+z=1, and 0≤p+q+r<0.17 are satisfied, and an element M is at least one element selected from among B, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and W).