OAM Precoding Matrix Control for Narrower Beam Divergence
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Solution Overview
Problem
The reception and detection of orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams are challenging due to their concave center and divergence pattern, requiring large-aperture antenna arrays that are costly to design for varying transmission distances.
Innovation Solution
A method for determining a precoding matrix for OAM using a uniform circular array (UCA) by independently sending reference signals to target antenna array units, receiving precoding matrix indices (PMIs), and determining the precoding matrix for each antenna array unit based on these indices, which suppresses the divergence angle of the OAM beam.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large-aperture antenna array is used to receive and detect OAM beams, then reception and detection capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the OAM beam reception process by dividing the circular beam into multiple sectors, each handled by a separate antenna array unit. This allows the system to process different parts of the beam independently, reducing the complexity of any single antenna unit while maintaining overall reception capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic beamforming by adjusting precoding matrices based on feedback from the second communication device. This allows the system to adaptively optimize beam direction and shape for different transmission conditions, improving reception reliability without requiring a fixed large-aperture array for all scenarios.
2Reliability
If a large-aperture antenna array is designed for varying transmission distances, then reception capability is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal antenna array system where each antenna unit can serve multiple functions and adapt to different transmission distances through software-controlled beamforming. The same hardware configuration can be reused for various distances by adjusting precoding parameters, eliminating the need to manufacture different aperture sizes for different ranges.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes operational parameters (precoding matrices, beamforming weights) rather than physical parameters (antenna aperture size) to adapt to varying transmission distances. This allows the system to maintain optimal reception capability across different distances without manufacturing different hardware configurations.
3Measurement precision
If independent reference signals are sent to target antenna array units, then beamforming precision is improved, but signal transmission overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by sending reference signals to only the necessary target antenna array units rather than all units. This selective approach maintains beamforming precision for the required directions while reducing the total number of reference signals transmitted, thereby lowering overhead.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining a precoding matrix of OAM and an apparatus thereof, which can be used in communication systems. The method comprises: on the basis of target antenna array units among antenna array units on a uniform circular array, independently sending respective reference signals to a second communication device (S201); receiving a precoding matrix indication index (PMI) of each target antenna array unit, which is determined on the basis of a reference signal and sent by the second communication device (S202); and according to the PMI of the target antenna array unit, determining a precoding matrix of each antenna array unit on the uniform circular array (S203). By means of the method for determining the precoding matrix of OAM and the apparatus thereof, beamforming can be separately performed on the antenna array units, thus suppressing the divergence angle of an OAM beam, and increasing the transmission distance of an OAM communication system.