Oblique LIDAR Scanning for Vertical Structure Point Density
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current LIDAR scanner methods for utility asset assessment are limited by low point density on vertical structures, requiring multiple systems or conical collection paths, which reduces efficiency and increases costs due to the need for slower flight speeds and potential interference from high pulse repetition rates.
Innovation Solution
The use of a platform equipped with oblique and vertical image-capturing devices, LIDAR scanners, GPS, and inertial navigation systems, which allows for the collection of 3D point clouds by tilting the LIDAR scanner and combining data from multiple sources to enhance point density on vertical structures, and the application of image processing techniques like Gabor filters and stereo photogrammetry to improve data accuracy and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If LIDAR scanner flies lower and slower to capture higher point density, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from traditional nadir (vertical downward) LIDAR scanning to oblique (angled) scanning. This dimensional change in scanning orientation enables the system to capture vertical structures more effectively while maintaining higher flight speeds, thus resolving the contradiction between point density and productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the scanning parameters by changing the scan angle from vertical (nadir) to oblique angles. This parameter change allows the LIDAR system to achieve adequate point density on vertical structures without reducing flight speed, thereby maintaining both measurement precision and productivity.
2Measurement precision
If LIDAR scanner uses high pulse repetition rates to increase point density, then measurement precision is improved, but object-generated harmful factors worsen due to pulse interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the pulse interference problem by reducing the pulse repetition rate. By using oblique scanning, the system achieves adequate point density without requiring high pulse repetition rates, thereby eliminating the harmful pulse interference effect.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the limitation of lower pulse repetition rates into a benefit by using oblique scanning geometry. This approach maintains sufficient point density on vertical structures while avoiding pulse interference, turning a potential harmful effect into a beneficial solution.
3Ease of operation
If LIDAR scanner directs collection straight down (nadir) to simplify system operation, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates on vertical structures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the scanning dimension from vertical (nadir) to oblique angles. This dimensional change enables effective capture of vertical structures while maintaining operational simplicity, as the LIDAR system still scans in a controlled manner, just at different angles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic scanning angles (oblique angles) while maintaining a structured and controllable scanning pattern. This dynamic approach improves measurement precision on vertical structures without complicating the system operation, as the scanning remains automated and controlled.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach increases the point density on vertical structures, enhances data accuracy, and improves the efficiency of utility asset assessment by allowing faster data collection with reduced interference, thereby improving the cost-effectiveness of utility corridor surveys.
Implementation Method 1
LIDAR scanners
Implementation Method 2
it may take a set time to reach the ground and reflect back to the sensor of the LIDAR scanner
Implementation Method 3
oblique and vertical image-capturing devices
Implementation Method 4
GPS
Implementation Method 5
inertial navigation systems
Data Source
AI summary
Automated methods and systems are disclosed, including a method comprising: obtaining a first three-dimensional-data point cloud of a horizontal surface of an object of interest, the first three-dimensional-data point cloud having a first resolution and having a three-dimensional location associated with each point in the first three-dimensional-data point cloud; capturing one or more aerial image, at one or more oblique angle, depicting at least a vertical surface of the object of interest; analyzing the one or more aerial image with a computer system to determine three-dimensional locations of additional points on the object of interest; and updating the first three-dimensional-data point cloud with the three-dimensional locations of the additional points on the object of interest to create a second three-dimensional-data point cloud having a second resolution greater than the first resolution of the first three-dimensional-data point cloud.