Dynamic k-Clock Switching for OCT Imaging Depth

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) systems face challenges in simultaneously achieving high imaging depth and spatial resolution, particularly in ophthalmic applications, where measuring the full eye length requires compromises in system performance or design constraints, such as using long optical delays or dual optical delays.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a mode-switching circuitry that allows dynamic switching of the k-clock period in swept-source OCT systems, enabling selective sampling of the OCT interference signal at different rates to adjust the imaging depth without requiring multiple clock generators or opto-mechanical mechanisms, thereby supporting the production of both half-depth and full-depth images.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of stationary object

If the sampling rate is increased to improve imaging depth, then the imaging depth is improved, but the data processing complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging depthVSAvoiddata processing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically switches between full-rate and half-rate sampling modes based on the required imaging depth. The k-clock period is adjusted in real-time to match the imaging requirements, allowing the system to optimize between imaging depth and processing time by selecting the appropriate sampling rate for each imaging scenario.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The sampling rate parameter is changed based on imaging depth requirements. By switching between full-rate sampling (for maximum depth) and half-rate sampling (for reduced processing), the system adapts the sampling parameter to match the specific imaging needs, resolving the contradiction between depth and processing time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Length of stationary object

If the k-clock period is extended to increase imaging depth, then the imaging depth is improved, but the spatial resolution deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging depthVSAvoidspatial resolution
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the k-clock period based on the desired imaging depth while maintaining appropriate sampling density. By switching between full-rate and half-rate modes, the system ensures that spatial resolution is preserved when using extended k-clock periods for increased imaging depth, as the full-rate sampling compensates for the extended period.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses periodic switching between full-rate and half-rate sampling modes depending on the imaging requirements. When maximum spatial resolution is needed, full-rate periodic sampling is used; when imaging depth is the priority, half-rate periodic sampling is selected, allowing the system to manage the trade-off between depth and resolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple clock generators are used to achieve flexible sampling rates, then the adaptability is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesampling rate flexibilityVSAvoidclock generator quantity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A single k-clock circuit is designed to perform multiple functions by generating both full-rate and half-rate sampling clocks. The circuit can operate in different modes (full-rate or half-rate) depending on the imaging requirements, eliminating the need for separate clock generators for each sampling rate while maintaining sampling rate flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system generates a phase-shifted replica of the k-clock signal to create the half-rate sampling clock. Instead of using a separate clock generator, a copy of the original k-clock signal is phase-shifted to achieve the desired half-rate sampling, simplifying the device while maintaining adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

4Adaptability or versatility

If opto-mechanical mechanisms are used to adjust imaging depth, then the adaptability is improved, but the device complexity and reliability worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging depth adjustmentVSAvoidopto-mechanical mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces opto-mechanical depth adjustment mechanisms with electronic control of the sampling rate. By using digital signal processing and electronic clock generation to adjust imaging depth, the system eliminates complex mechanical moving parts while maintaining the ability to adapt imaging depth to different requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses its own k-clock circuit to generate both full-rate and half-rate sampling signals, making the depth adjustment capability self-contained without requiring external opto-mechanical mechanisms. The electronic system serves itself by internally generating the necessary clock signals for different imaging depths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3574282B1Dynamic mode switching for multi-mode ophthalmic optical coherence tomography
Publication Date: 2021.11.24 ALCON INC
  • EP3574282B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3574282B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3574282B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

Techniques and apparatus for selectively producing half-depth and full-depth OCT images, based on a swept-source OCT interference signal. An example method comprises selecting from a first sampling rate and a second sampling rate, the second sampling rate being twice the first sampling rate, and sampling the swept- source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) interference signal at the selected sampling rate, using a k-clock signal having a frequency range corresponding to the first sampling rate, to produce a sampled OCT interference signal. The method further comprises processing the sampled OCT interference signal to obtain an OCT image, such that the resulting OCT image is a half-depth image in the event the first sampling rate is selected and a full-depth image in the event the second sampling rate is selected.