Cell Search Synchronization in OFDM Cellular Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

In asynchronous OFDM-based cellular systems, existing methods for cell synchronization are inefficient as they require a large number of pilots or cannot be applied without a preamble, making it difficult to effectively acquire synchronization and search cells.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that generate a downlink signal with multiple synchronization channels in one frame, using a pattern generator and time-frequency mapping unit to create synchronization patterns with cell group and frame synchronization identification codes, allowing a terminal to estimate the start point and cell group number, and subsequently the cell number, using a combination of codes and pilot symbols.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a separate preamble is used for cell search, then synchronization can be acquired, but the method cannot be applied to systems without preamble

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesynchronization acquisitionVSAvoidsystem compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The synchronization signal is integrated into the existing downlink frame structure and serves multiple functions: it enables cell search, provides frame synchronization, and works in systems with or without preamble. The signal is designed to be universally applicable across different system configurations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If pilot symbols at start and end points of sub-frame are used for cell search, then synchronization can be acquired, but a large number of pilots should be used

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesynchronization acquisitionVSAvoidnumber of pilots
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The essential synchronization information is extracted and concentrated into a dedicated synchronization signal within the downlink frame. Instead of distributing multiple pilot symbols throughout the frame, the critical timing and frequency synchronization data is isolated into a specific signal structure that achieves the same function with fewer resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Productivity

If multiple synchronization channels are formed in one frame, then cell search efficiency is improved, but frame structure complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell search efficiencyVSAvoidframe structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The downlink frame is segmented into specific regions with dedicated synchronization signals. The frame structure is divided into synchronization channels that carry timing and frequency information, allowing terminals to efficiently perform cell search by focusing on these segmented regions rather than processing the entire frame.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3863251A1Apparatus for generating down link signal, and method and apparatus for cell search in cellular system
Publication Date: 2021.08.11 SK TELECOM CO LTD
  • EP3863251A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3863251A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3863251A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention provides a method of generating a downlink signal and searching a cell on the basis of the downlink signal in an OFDM-based cellular system. The downlink signal includes a plurality of synchronization blocks each having a plurality of sub-frames, and a synchronization pattern composed of a combination of a cell group identification code for identifying a cell group and a frame synchronization identification code for indicating a frame start point is generated in each of the synchronization blocks. Different frame synchronization identification codes are allocated to the synchronization blocks.