Offset Mass Endodontic Instruments for Root Canal Cleaning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional endodontic instruments are inadequate for complete removal of pulp tissue and efficient enlargement of the root canal system, often leading to breakage and failure in root canal procedures, due to their design and material limitations.
Innovation Solution
Development of endodontic devices with a tapered body featuring a reversed helix configuration, flexible nickel-titanium composition, and modified flute geometries to enhance flexibility and reduce the risk of binding, allowing for efficient cleaning and enlargement of the root canal system without causing further damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional endodontic instruments are used, then the root canal system can be accessed, but the instruments are inadequate for complete removal of pulp tissue and efficient enlargement of the root canal system, and are prone to breakage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the physical and geometric properties of the endodontic instrument. Specifically, it changes the cross-sectional geometry from conventional circular or triangular shapes to asymmetric shapes with offset centers of mass, adjusts the helix angle parameters of the flutes, and modifies the taper ratios. These parameter changes enable the instrument to generate swagger motion for more effective cleaning while maintaining flexibility to navigate curved canals and reduce breakage risk
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements asymmetry by designing cross-sections with asymmetric geometries where the center of mass is deliberately offset from the geometric center and axis of rotation. This asymmetric configuration creates an imbalance that generates swagger motion during rotation, allowing the cutting edges to contact the canal walls at varying positions and angles, thereby improving pulp tissue removal efficiency without increasing breakage susceptibility through excessive rigidity
2Productivity
If the root canal system is thoroughly cleaned and enlarged, then complete removal of pulp tissue is achieved, but the narrow, curved, and calcified nature of the canal makes it difficult to negotiate and clean
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by enabling the instrument to transition from static rotation to dynamic swagger motion. The asymmetric cross-section design causes the instrument to oscillate and contact the canal walls at multiple positions during rotation, creating a dynamic cleaning action that adapts to the curved and calcified canal geometry. This dynamic motion allows thorough cleaning without requiring excessive force that would make negotiation difficult
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes flexible instrument design with thin-walled constructions that allow the shaft to bend and adapt to curved canal paths. The flexibility is enhanced through material selection and wall thickness optimization, enabling the instrument to navigate narrow and curved canals easily while the asymmetric cross-section maintains the swagger motion necessary for complete tissue removal
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional instrument designs are used, then manufacturing is straightforward, but the instruments are predisposed to breakage and cause further destruction to the tooth
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite material construction, combining materials with different mechanical properties to create an instrument that is both flexible and strong. The shaft may use composite structures or layered materials that provide flexibility for negotiating curved canals while maintaining strength to prevent breakage. This composite approach allows safe operation without significantly complicating the manufacturing process
Data Source
AI summary
Endodontic instruments are described which have at least a section with a center of mass offset from an axis of rotation so that when the instrument is rotated, the section bends away from the axis of rotation.