Engine Oil Chip Detection Using Ionizing Radiation Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing magnetic chip detectors in engine oil systems tend to get clogged over time, requiring regular maintenance and are not effective in detecting chip quantities accurately.

Innovation Solution

A chip detection system using an emitter that generates ionizing radiation particles to transmit through the engine fluid, with a detector that measures the electric current generated when the radiation interacts with the fluid, allowing for the detection of chips based on changes in current levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If magnetic chip detectors are used to detect ferrous chips in the oil system, then chip detection capability is provided, but the detectors get clogged over time requiring regular maintenance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechip detection capabilityVSAvoidmaintenance frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical magnetic collection system with an optical detection system. Instead of using a magnetic field to collect and detect chips physically, the system uses light transmission through the oil and optical sensors to detect chip presence. This substitution eliminates the clogging issue inherent in mechanical magnetic detectors while maintaining chip detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces light as an intermediary medium to detect chips. Rather than direct contact between the detector and chips (as in magnetic detectors), the system uses light transmission properties of the oil to indirectly detect chip presence. The light acts as a mediator that interacts with the oil and chips without requiring physical collection mechanisms that clog.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If magnetic chip detectors are used to collect ferrous chips, then chip quantity detection is enabled, but the detectors require regular cleaning

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechip quantity detectionVSAvoidcleaning time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical chip collection and measurement system with an optical measurement system. Instead of physically collecting chips on a magnetic detector and measuring their quantity, the system measures light transmission properties of the oil to determine chip quantity. This eliminates the need for cleaning while preserving measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The optical detection system requires no maintenance or cleaning because it does not come into contact with the oil or chips. The light transmission measurement is performed through the oil without any physical interaction that would require cleaning, making the system self-maintaining.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If existing magnetic chip detectors are used, then chip detection is achieved, but accuracy is limited due to clogging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechip detection functionVSAvoidchip quantity accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the magnetic collection mechanism with optical measurement to eliminate the clogging problem that degrades accuracy. The optical system continuously measures light transmission without physical contact, providing accurate chip quantity detection without the degradation issues of mechanical systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The use of light as an intermediary provides accurate measurement without physical interaction. The light transmission properties change predictably with chip quantity, allowing precise measurement without the detector contacting the oil or chips, thereby maintaining accuracy over time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This system provides a reliable and maintenance-free method for detecting chips in engine oil, improving accuracy and reducing the need for frequent cleaning, as it can effectively measure chip presence and quantity without clogging.

Implementation Method 1

the emitter including a radioactive source that generates ionizing radiation particles and transmits the ionizing radiation particles through a liquid within the fluid passage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonizing radiation: Radiation

Implementation Method 2

the detecting element generating an electric current in response to the ionizing radiation particles contacting the detector

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadiation detection: Radiation

Data Source

PatentEP4455661A1Chip detection system for an engine fluid system
Publication Date: 2024.10.30 PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP
  • EP4455661A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4455661A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4455661A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A chip detection system (30; 130; 230) for an engine fluid system (22) includes an emitter (32; 132) located in a first position proximate to a fluid passage (36; 236) of the engine fluid system (22), the emitter (32; 132) including a radioactive source that generates ionizing radiation particles (38) and transmits the ionizing radiation particles (38) through a liquid (34) within the fluid passage (36; 236). A detector (40; 140) includes a detecting element (45; 145) located in a second position relative to the fluid passage (36; 236) with the liquid (34) disposed between the emitter (32; 132) and the detector (40; 140). The detecting element (45; 145) generates an electric current in response to the ionizing radiation particles (38) contacting the detector (40; 140). A controller (50) is in communication with the detector (40; 140) to receive the electric current generated by the detecting element (45; 145). The controller (50) is operable to detect chips in the liquid (34) when the electric current generated by the detecting element (45; 145) is greater than a threshold value of the electric current.