OLED Display Common Initialization Contact Hole Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-resolution OLED displays face a reduction in aperture ratio and storage capacitance due to the need for initialization contact holes in each pixel, which limits their size and resolution.
Innovation Solution
A common initialization contact hole and voltage line are shared among pixel units, eliminating the need for individual initialization contact holes and allowing for a more efficient use of space, thereby improving aperture ratio and enabling smaller pixel sizes suitable for high-resolution displays.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If individual initialization contact holes are formed in each pixel, then initialization voltage can be applied to driving thin film transistors, but aperture ratio is decreased and storage capacitance space is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple initialization contact holes that were previously formed individually in each pixel are merged into a single common initialization contact hole. This common contact hole is formed in a non-emission region surrounding multiple pixels, allowing initialization voltage to be applied to driving thin film transistors across multiple pixels while eliminating the need for individual contact holes in each pixel, thereby increasing aperture ratio and providing space for storage capacitors
Solution Approach 2:
The initialization contact hole structure is relocated from within pixel emission regions (2D plane within pixels) to a non-emission region surrounding multiple pixels (different spatial dimension). This dimensional shift allows the initialization function to be maintained while freeing up pixel area for light emission and storage capacitor placement
2Reliability
If individual initialization contact holes are formed in each pixel, then driving thin film transistors can be initialized, but pixel size is increased and high-resolution display is limited
Solution Approach 1:
Initialization contact holes for multiple pixels are combined into a single common contact hole structure that serves multiple pixels simultaneously. This merging reduces the total area occupied by initialization structures, allowing pixels to be made smaller while maintaining the initialization function, thus enabling high-resolution displays
Solution Approach 2:
The common initialization contact hole structure serves as a universal initialization interface for multiple pixels, replacing the need for pixel-specific initialization contact holes. This multi-functional design reduces overall pixel area requirements and enables higher display resolutions
3Reliability
If individual initialization contact holes are formed in each pixel, then initialization function is provided, but storage capacitor space is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
By merging initialization contact holes into a common structure located in non-emission regions, pixel area is freed up and can be reallocated for storage capacitor placement. This allows sufficient space to be provided for storage capacitors while maintaining the initialization function through the shared contact hole structure
Solution Approach 2:
The initialization contact hole structure is extracted from within pixel boundaries and placed in surrounding non-emission regions. This extraction removes the space constraint within pixels, allowing storage capacitors to be formed with adequate area within each pixel region
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances the aperture ratio and allows for reduced pixel size, making high-resolution OLED displays feasible by consolidating initialization contact holes and voltage lines, thus optimizing space for storage capacitors.
Implementation Method 1
electrons injected from one electrode and holes injected from the other electrode are combined in the organic emission layer so that excitons are formed, and light is emitted by energy generated from the excitons
Data Source
AI summary
An organic light emitting diode display with improved aperture ratio includes: a substrate; first and second pixels disposed in a first row of the substrate and third and fourth pixels disposed in a second row adjacent to the first row and respectively disposed in the same columns as the first and second pixels; a scan line and a previous scan line applying a scan signal and a previous scan signal, respectively, to the pixel units; a data line and a driving voltage line applying a data signal and a driving voltage, respectively, to the pixel units; and a common initialization voltage line disposed between the first and second pixels and between the third and fourth pixels, commonly connected to the pixel units, and applying an initialization voltage. One common initialization contact hole connected to all pixels units and one initialization voltage line connected to the common initialization contact hole are surrounded by the pixel units.