OLED Pixel Shape Design Suppresses Leakage Current
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-resolution organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices face challenges in achieving high process yield and accurate color reproduction due to limitations in using fine metal masks (FMMs), which lead to defects such as displacement of the organic emission layer and increased leakage current causing color mixing between pixels.
Innovation Solution
The OLED display device employs a design where the organic emission layer is formed widely across the panel, eliminating the need for FMMs and incorporating a multi-stack or single-stack structure with charge generation and emission layers to minimize leakage current by controlling the spatial area between pixels, thereby reducing color mixing and enhancing display quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If FMM is used to pattern pixels for high resolution, then manufacturing precision is improved, but device complexity increases and reliability decreases due to mask sagging and displacement defects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the FMM component entirely from the manufacturing process. Instead of using a physical mask to pattern the organic emission layer, the invention employs a self-aligned formation method where the organic emission layer is directly deposited in the desired pixel pattern without requiring a separate masking step. This extraction of the FMM eliminates the associated problems of mask sagging, displacement, and complexity while maintaining high manufacturing precision.
2Manufacturing precision
If FMM is used to achieve high resolution, then manufacturing precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to large-area mask requirements and handling challenges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the FMM system entirely, removing all associated complexity including large-area mask fabrication, handling, alignment, and support structures. The self-aligned direct deposition method simplifies the manufacturing system while achieving the same or better pixel patterning precision.
3Area of moving object
If pixel pitch is reduced for high resolution, then area of moving object is reduced, but leakage current increases causing color mixing between pixels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements localized charge trapping regions at the boundaries between pixels. By creating specific charge generation and emission layers with controlled properties at these interfaces, the invention locally manages carrier distribution to prevent leakage current from spreading between adjacent pixels. This local quality control allows small pixel pitches while maintaining color purity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces charge generation and emission layers as intermediary structures between adjacent pixels. These layers act as mediators that control charge carrier behavior at pixel boundaries, preventing direct leakage between pixels while maintaining efficient charge transport within each pixel. This intermediary structure effectively suppresses leakage current in high-resolution displays with small pixel pitches.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively suppresses leakage current, improves color reproduction, and maintains high resolution, reducing defects and color mixing, especially in high-resolution displays with smaller pixel pitches.
Implementation Method 1
An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) refers to a light source which emits light by electroluminescence of an organic compound
Data Source
AI summary
An organic light-emitting diode display device is disclosed. The organic light-emitting diode display device comprises a display panel where a plurality of pixels are arranged. The plurality of pixels comprise a first pixel having a first planar shape consisting of a plurality of points and a second pixel placed adjacent to the first pixel and having a second planar shape consisting of a plurality of points. The first planar shape contains a first point, which is the only point from which the shortest distance between the first pixel and the second pixel is obtained.