OLED Sub-Pixel Layout With Hidden Drive Circuits for Higher Transmittance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing OLED display panels face challenges in optimizing the layout of pixel driving circuits and light-emitting devices to minimize the exposure of circuit components, which affects light transmittance and increases diffraction, particularly in regions with varying sub-pixel sizes.
Innovation Solution
The display panel design incorporates a layout where the pixel driving circuit is partially or fully hidden under the light-emitting device, with transistors and signal lines arranged to minimize overlap with the light-emitting area, using transparent wiring and via holes to connect signal lines, and optimizing sub-pixel sizes to enhance light transmittance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the pixel driving circuit is arranged separately from the light-emitting device, then the circuit layout is simplified, but the light transmittance decreases and diffraction increases due to exposed circuit components
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel driving circuit is nested under the light-emitting device, with the circuit components (transistors, signal lines) positioned in the region beneath the light-emitting structure. This allows the circuit to be integrated within the overall pixel structure without occupying additional lateral space, thereby maintaining light transmittance while accommodating necessary circuitry.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit components are arranged in the vertical dimension beneath the light-emitting device rather than in the lateral plane. By utilizing the space under the light-emitting structure, the design achieves circuit integration without compromising the light path, effectively moving the circuit from a lateral arrangement to a vertical stacking configuration.
2Illumination intensity
If the pixel driving circuit is hidden under the light-emitting device, then light transmittance improves, but the circuit layout becomes more complex and difficult to manufacture
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel structure is segmented into distinct functional regions: the light-emitting device in the upper layer and the pixel driving circuit in the lower layer. This segmentation allows independent optimization and fabrication of each region, with the circuit components (first reset transistor, second reset transistor, driving transistor, capacitors) systematically arranged beneath their corresponding light-emitting devices.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel are assigned different functions and structural characteristics. The region under the light-emitting device is specifically designed to accommodate circuit components, with signal lines and transistors positioned to minimize interference with light transmission while maintaining electrical connectivity. Each sub-pixel's circuit is locally optimized based on its specific requirements.
3Manufacturing precision
If sub-pixels have different sizes, then display quality improves, but the layout optimization becomes more difficult and inconsistent
Solution Approach 1:
The design accommodates asymmetric sub-pixel sizes, with the first sub-pixel having a larger light-emitting area than the second and third sub-pixels. The pixel driving circuit layout is asymmetrically arranged to match the different sizes, with circuit components positioned appropriately under each sub-pixel based on its specific dimensions and requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The design allows variation in key parameters such as light-emitting device area and circuit component dimensions across different sub-pixels. The first sub-pixel's light-emitting device has a larger area, and its corresponding circuit components are sized and positioned differently from those in the second and third sub-pixels, enabling optimization for each specific case.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
A display panel. The display panel comprises: a substrate and a plurality of first pixel units. The plurality of first pixel units are located on one side of the substrate, and are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns, wherein the first pixel units each comprise a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel comprising a pixel drive circuit and a light-emitting device; the light-emitting device is located on the side of the pixel drive circuit that is away from the substrate, and is electrically connected to the pixel drive circuit; the pixel drive circuit comprises a first reset transistor, a plurality of sub-pixels comprise a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the area of a light-emitting device of the first sub-pixel is greater than the area of a light-emitting device of the second sub-pixel, and is greater than the area of a light-emitting device of the third sub-pixel, and an orthographic projection(s) of a first reset transistor in the second sub-pixel and/or a first reset transistor in the third sub-pixel on the substrate is/are located within an orthographic projection of the light-emitting device of the first sub-pixel on the substrate.