OLED Display Subpixel Arrangement for Luminance and Resolution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional RGBW OLED displays face challenges in improving luminance and resolution without reducing aperture ratio and increasing the number of data lines, often resulting in decreased resolution and increased manufacturing costs.
Innovation Solution
The OLED display is arranged with red, green, blue, and white subpixels forming one pixel, where four red subpixels enclose two green and two white subpixels, and one blue subpixel, allowing for simultaneous driving of three subpixels per pixel, maintaining aperture ratio and reducing data lines.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If four subpixels form one pixel in a stripe-type or checkerboard-type RGBW structure, then luminance is improved, but aperture ratio and resolution are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the pixel into different types (first pixels with 3 subpixels, second pixels with 4 subpixels) and arranges them in alternating rows. This segmentation allows the display to achieve high luminance in second pixels while maintaining resolution through the alternating pattern, resolving the contradiction between luminance improvement and resolution maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by having different pixel types in different locations. First pixels (with 3 subpixels) are placed in alternating rows to maintain resolution and aperture ratio, while second pixels (with 4 subpixels) are placed in alternating columns to provide high luminance. This local differentiation allows simultaneous optimization of both resolution and luminance.
2Illumination intensity
If four subpixels form one pixel in a pentile type RGBW structure, then luminance is improved, but resolution is decreased to less than 220 ppi
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments pixels into first pixels (3 subpixels) and second pixels (4 subpixels) in alternating arrangements. This segmentation enables the display to achieve pentile-type luminance enhancement while maintaining resolution above 220 ppi through the strategic placement of different pixel types, avoiding the resolution degradation of conventional pentile structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional 2D stripe or checkerboard arrangements to a two-dimensional alternating pattern combining both row and column alternation. This dimensional approach allows the display to achieve high luminance in one direction while maintaining resolution in the perpendicular direction, resolving the contradiction between luminance and resolution.
3Illumination intensity
If RGBW structure is implemented to improve luminance and contrast ratio, then display performance is improved, but number of data lines is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the pixel structure universal by allowing three subpixels to form a complete pixel for display purposes, eliminating the need for separate white subpixels in all locations. This multi-functionality approach enables the display to achieve RGBW performance while reducing the number of data lines required, as the same subpixel configuration serves multiple color representation needs.
4Illumination intensity
If conventional RGBW structure is used to improve luminance, then power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the white subpixel from all pixel locations and places it only in specific second pixels where it is most needed for luminance enhancement. This extraction reduces the overall number of active subpixels and thereby reduces power consumption while maintaining luminance performance in critical areas.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by implementing the full RGBW structure only where necessary (in second pixels with 4 subpixels) while using a simplified 3-subpixel configuration in first pixels. This partial implementation achieves sufficient luminance improvement without the excessive power consumption of a complete RGBW structure throughout the entire display.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This arrangement enhances luminance while maintaining resolution and aperture ratio, and prevents the increase in data lines, thereby improving display performance without increasing power consumption or manufacturing costs.
Implementation Method 1
Electrons injected from one electrode and holes injected from the other electrode are bonded to each other in the organic emission layer to form excitons, and light is emitted while the excitons discharge energy.
Data Source
AI summary
An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display includes: a substrate; and a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a white subpixel arranged in a matrix of rows and columns on the substrate, wherein three different-colored subpixels selected from the red subpixel, the green subpixel, the blue subpixel, and the white subpixel form one pixel in which the three different-colored subpixels are simultaneously driven. Four red subpixels in the matrix enclose two green subpixels, two white subpixels, and one blue subpixel. Accordingly, the organic light emitting diode (OLED) display has a RGBW structure, and improves the luminance by the two white subpixels.