OLED Display Substrate Layout for Ambient Light Color Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display devices suffer from color separation phenomena due to reflection of external ambient light by the pixel definition layer and spacers, which degrade display quality.
Innovation Solution
A display substrate design with a pixel definition layer and spacer layer having low light transmittance, typically less than 5%, formed from black opaque materials, and strategically positioned to absorb ambient light, combined with a black matrix layer and light shielding structures to minimize reflection and enhance display clarity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If the pixel definition layer and spacer layer are made transparent to allow light emission, then the light emission efficiency is improved, but color separation occurs due to reflection of external ambient light
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel definition layer and spacer layer are designed with spatially varying optical properties: the regions corresponding to sub-pixel openings maintain high transparency for light emission, while the matrix regions between openings are made opaque (with transmittance less than 5%) to absorb ambient light and prevent color separation. This local differentiation of optical properties resolves the contradiction between light emission efficiency and color separation prevention.
Solution Approach 2:
The matrix regions of the pixel definition layer and spacer layer are designed with low light transmittance (less than 5%) to appear dark or black, effectively absorbing ambient light. This color/transparency modification in specific regions prevents harmful light reflection while maintaining light emission capability in the sub-pixel opening regions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the transmittance of pixel definition layer and spacers is reduced to less than 5% to absorb ambient light, then color separation is reduced, but the overall light output of the display may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The optical properties are localized to specific regions: only the matrix regions between sub-pixel openings have reduced transmittance (less than 5%), while the sub-pixel opening regions maintain high transparency. This ensures that ambient light absorption occurs only where needed, without interfering with the light emission from the organic light-emitting diodes in the sub-pixels.
Solution Approach 2:
The pixel definition layer and spacer layer are functionally segmented into two distinct zones: transparent zones corresponding to sub-pixel openings for light emission, and opaque matrix zones for ambient light absorption. This segmentation allows independent optimization of optical properties in each zone, resolving the contradiction between overall light output and color separation prevention.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design significantly reduces color separation, improving display effectiveness under various lighting conditions, particularly in outdoor sunlight, by effectively absorbing ambient light and maintaining clear visual performance.
Implementation Method 1
a transmittance of the plurality of spacers is less than 5%... a transmittance of a portion of the pixel definition layer other than the plurality of sub-pixel openings is less than 5%... effectively absorbing ambient light
Data Source
AI summary
A display substrate and a display device, the display substrate has a plurality of sub-pixels, and includes a base substrate, a pixel driving circuit layer, a pixel definition layer and a spacer layer. The pixel driving circuit layer is disposed on the base substrate, the pixel definition layer is disposed on a side of the pixel driving circuit layer away from the base substrate, and includes a plurality of sub-pixel openings, wherein each of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a pixel driving circuit disposed in the pixel driving circuit layer and a light-emitting device at least partially disposed in the sub-pixel opening, the spacer layer is disposed on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the base substrate, and includes a plurality of spacers, wherein a transmittance of the plurality of spacers is less than 5%.