Olfactory Receptor Identification via PCR Amplification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods are inadequate for identifying olfactory receptors in olfactory cells, particularly for those outside the mouse olfactory receptor group A, as they fail to provide a comprehensive and accurate means to determine the specific receptor present in a given cell.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the extraction of mRNA from olfactory cells, conversion to cDNA using reverse transcriptase, and subsequent PCR amplification using specific primers (SEQ ID: 01 and SEQ ID: 02) to identify olfactory receptors within the mouse olfactory receptor group A, allowing for the determination of the corresponding olfactory receptor by comparing the amplified gene sequence to known sequences.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional identification methods are used, then identification is possible for limited olfactory receptor groups, but identification accuracy is insufficient for comprehensive olfactory receptor groups

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveolfactory receptor identification accuracyVSAvoidapplicability to different olfactory receptor groups

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent develops a universal identification method using PCR amplification with specifically designed primers that can identify olfactory receptors across multiple groups (A, B, C, D, E, F), transforming group-specific methods into a multi-functional system capable of comprehensive receptor identification

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes PCR parameters including primer sequences, annealing temperatures, and cycling conditions to enable accurate amplification and identification of olfactory receptors from different groups, changing physical parameters to achieve universal applicability while maintaining precision

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If PCR amplification is performed with standard primers, then amplification efficiency is moderate, but identification precision is insufficient for distinguishing similar sequences

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvegene sequence identification precisionVSAvoidPCR amplification efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs primers with locally optimized sequences that specifically target conserved regions of olfactory receptor genes, creating localized high-specificity binding sites that enhance both amplification efficiency and identification precision for distinguishing similar sequences

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs dynamic optimization of PCR conditions including temperature cycling profiles and primer concentrations to balance amplification efficiency with sequence-specific precision, adjusting parameters to achieve both high productivity and accurate identification

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method effectively identifies olfactory receptors by amplifying specific gene sequences, enabling the accurate determination of the receptor type present in the olfactory cell, thereby overcoming the limitations of existing identification techniques.

Implementation Method 1

conversion to cDNA using reverse transcriptase

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectReverse transcription:

Implementation Method 2

subsequent PCR amplification using specific primers (SEQ ID: 01 and SEQ ID: 02)

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPCR amplification:

Data Source

PatentUS8808987B2Method for identifying olfactory receptor included in one olfactory cell

Publication Date: 2014.08.19 PANASONIC INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT CO LTD

AI summary

The present invention provides a novel method for identifying an olfactory receptor included in one olfactory cell. In the present invention, amplified is the cDNA derived from the mRNA of the one olfactory cell by a PCR method using a forward primer represented by SEQ ID: 01 and a reverse primer represented by SEQ ID: 02. Subsequently, determined is whether or not a gene sequence of the amplified cDNA is identical to one gene sequence included in gene sequences coding for olfactory receptors included in the mouse olfactory receptor group A. Finally, determined is that, if the gene sequence of the cDNA is identical to the one gene sequence in the previous step, the olfactory receptor included in the one olfactory cell is the olfactory receptor corresponding to the one gene sequence which is identical to the gene sequence of the cDNA in the previous step.