Oligomeric Ketogenic Compounds Enzymatic Synthesis
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Solution Overview
Problem
The production of pure oligomeric compounds of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is problematic due to the need for evaluating multiple components for toxicity and efficacy, making it expensive and time-consuming, especially for multi-component materials requiring specific ratios for safety and efficacy evaluation.
Innovation Solution
The synthesis of single-component oligomeric ketogenic compounds using a method involving a cyclic oligomer of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate reacted with a dihydric alcohol in the presence of a lipase, specifically using Candida antarctica lipase type B, to produce compounds like (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate triolide and its esters, which are suitable for therapeutic and nutraceutical purposes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a mixture of different oligomeric components is used, then therapeutic efficacy can be achieved, but toxicity evaluation becomes extremely expensive and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies homogeneity by using a single oligomeric component (n=3 to 10) instead of mixtures of different oligomers. This simplifies the composition to a homogeneous substance, eliminating the need to evaluate multiple different components for toxicity while maintaining therapeutic efficacy through the defined oligomeric structure and ketone body production capability.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If multiple oligomeric components are evaluated for safety and efficacy, then comprehensive safety assessment is achieved, but the process becomes extremely expensive
Solution Approach 1:
By defining a single oligomeric component with specific parameters (n=3 to 10, cyclic structure, ketone body production capability), the invention reduces the quantity of substances requiring evaluation from multiple different oligomers to one homogeneous substance, thereby dramatically reducing evaluation costs while maintaining safety assessment completeness.
3Ease of manufacture
If pure oligomeric compounds are produced, then safety and efficacy evaluation becomes simpler, but production complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by specifying precise structural parameters (n=3 to 10, cyclic oligomer structure, specific molecular weight range) that define the oligomeric compound. This approach simplifies evaluation by focusing on these defined parameters while the production complexity is managed through enzymatic synthesis using lipase, which naturally produces the desired oligomeric structure without requiring complex purification equipment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds effectively raise ketone body levels in humans and animals, providing therapeutic benefits for various conditions, including neurological and psychiatric disorders, and are bioavailable via oral and intravenous routes, offering improved stability and efficacy compared to traditional monomers.
Implementation Method 1
reacting a cyclic oligomer of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate containing between 3 and 10 (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate moieties with a dihydric alcohol in an organic solvent in the presence of a lipase
Data Source
AI summary
Method for the synthesis of a compound of formula H(OCH[CH3]CH2C[O])3—O-A-O—R wherein A is the residue of 1,3-butandiol and R is H or H(OCH[CH3]CH2C[O]3—. The method comprises reacting a cyclic oligomer of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate consisting of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate moieties with a 1,3-butandiol in an organic solvent in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase type B in a furan or pyran solvent.