Omnidirectional Beamforming via Space-Time Block Coding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Base stations with uniform rectangular antenna arrays face challenges in achieving omnidirectional transmission of common signals, which is crucial for improving network performance in massive MIMO systems.
Innovation Solution
The method involves performing space-time block coding on data streams and constructing omnidirectional beamforming matrices using Golay complementary matrices or autocorrelation complementary matrices, ensuring that the signal energy distribution is uniform in all directions, thereby enabling omnidirectional transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a uniform rectangular antenna array is used for massive MIMO, then the system structure is simplified and ease of manufacture is improved, but the ability to achieve omnidirectional transmission of common signals deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the omnidirectional transmission problem into multiple directional beamforming components. By dividing the uniform rectangular antenna array into different sub-arrays and applying specific beamforming weight vectors to each segment, the system can synthesize omnidirectional coverage through coordinated transmission from multiple segments, thus resolving the contradiction between simplified structure and omnidirectional capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple beamforming matrices (including identity matrix, horizontal beamforming matrix, vertical beamforming matrix, and diagonal beamforming matrix) to create a composite beamforming solution. By merging these different beamforming components with appropriate weighting coefficients, the system achieves omnidirectional transmission while maintaining the simple uniform rectangular array structure
2Device complexity
If conventional beamforming methods are used on uniform rectangular arrays, then the device complexity is reduced, but the signal energy distribution uniformity across directions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the beamforming weight parameters by combining multiple beamforming matrices with different directional characteristics. By adjusting the weighting coefficients applied to each beamforming component (identity, horizontal, vertical, diagonal), the system optimizes the signal energy distribution across all directions while keeping the antenna array structure simple and the processing complexity manageable
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an omnidirectional beamforming method. In the omnidirectional beamforming method, a space-time block coding is performed on a data stream to be sent to obtain the coded data stream. Omnidirectional beamforming matrices corresponding to a uniform rectangular antenna array are constructed. The beamforming is performed on the coded data stream through the omnidirectional beamforming matrices, to generate a signal to be sent of the uniform rectangular antenna array.