Omnidirectional Common Signal Generation in Massive MIMO Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
In massive MIMO systems, transmitting common channel signals to all terminals within a service area requires high power and expensive RF components, as existing methods often rely on only a subset of antennas, leading to inefficient power distribution and increased costs.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that generate a common signal using a time-domain constant amplitude-frequency-domain constant amplitude (TCA-FCA) sequence to create omnidirectional beams across all available antennas, allowing for even power distribution and reducing the need for high-power RF devices by using all antennas for transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If only some antennas are used for omnidirectional transmission, then transmission power or outputs of RF stages need to be increased, but this requires expensive RF components such as high output PA and complex high output design
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the signals from all available antennas through beamforming to create an omnidirectional common signal. By merging the transmission capabilities of multiple antennas working together, the system achieves omnidirectional coverage without requiring any single antenna or RF component to operate at high power levels, thus avoiding the need for expensive high-output PAs and complex high-power design
2Ease of manufacture
If all antennas are used for omnidirectional transmission, then power distribution becomes efficient and RF component costs are reduced, but this requires a method to effectively utilize all available antennas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of signal phase and amplitude distribution across antennas by applying beamforming weights. This parameter transformation allows all antennas to be effectively utilized for omnidirectional transmission with optimized power distribution, making the system easier to construct with standard RF components while maintaining full antenna utilization flexibility
3Reliability
If beamforming is used for common channel signals, then transmission signal-to-noise ratio is increased, but common channel signals require omnidirectional transmission to reach all terminals in the service area
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the common channel signal into multiple beamformed components, each transmitted through different antenna elements or antenna groups. By dividing the transmission into multiple directed beams that collectively cover the entire service area, the system maintains high signal-to-noise ratio for each beam while achieving omnidirectional coverage when all beams are combined, thus resolving the contradiction between transmission quality and coverage capability
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for generating, by a base station, a common signal commonly required for surrounding terminals of the base station in a massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. The base station generates data commonly required for the surrounding terminals. The base station generates a plurality of beamforming vectors using a time-domain constant amplitude (TCA)-frequency-domain constant amplitude (FCA) sequence having a constant size in a time domain and a frequency domain. Further, the base station generates a plurality of antenna streams corresponding to the common signal by multiplying the plurality of beamforming vectors by the data.