One-Stage Two-Switch Power Converter With Adaptive Transformer Windings
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wide input voltage range power converter circuits operate in a two-stage configuration, resulting in poor power conversion efficiency and restricted performance across a super-wide input voltage range due to fixed transformer turns ratios and the need for two stages of power conversion.
Innovation Solution
A one-stage-two-switch power converter circuit configuration with a transformer having two windings on the input side and one winding on the output side, where the turns ratios between these windings are different, allowing for adaptive operation across a super-wide input voltage range by activating either the first or second electronic switch based on input voltage levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If a two-stage configuration (buck circuit + transformer) is used, then voltage regulation is achieved, but power conversion efficiency deteriorates due to two times of power conversion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the voltage regulation function and isolation function into a single transformer stage. The transformer is configured with multiple windings on the primary side (first winding, second winding) that can be selectively connected to different input voltage ranges, eliminating the need for a separate buck circuit while achieving both voltage adaptation and galvanic isolation in one stage.
Solution Approach 2:
The transformer is designed to perform multiple functions: voltage transformation, galvanic isolation, and adaptive voltage regulation across wide input ranges. By incorporating multiple primary windings with different turns ratios and using switching mechanisms to select appropriate windings based on input voltage levels, the transformer becomes a multi-functional component that replaces what was previously achieved through separate buck circuit and transformer stages.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a single fixed turns ratio transformer is used, then device simplicity is maintained, but performance across super-wide input voltage range (9V to 160V) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The transformer's primary side is segmented into multiple independent windings (first winding, second winding, etc.), each with a different turns ratio relative to the secondary winding. This segmentation allows the system to handle different input voltage ranges by selecting the appropriate winding, thereby achieving adaptability across a super-wide input voltage range from 9V to 160V.
Solution Approach 2:
The transformer configuration is made dynamic through switching mechanisms that selectively connect different primary windings to the input based on the detected input voltage level. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the transformer to adapt its turns ratio in real-time, optimizing performance across varying input conditions without requiring multiple fixed transformers.
3Productivity
If two-stage configuration is used, then voltage regulation across wide range is achieved, but energy transmission efficiency deteriorates due to multiple conversion stages
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines voltage regulation and power conversion functions into a single transformer stage with selectively switchable windings. This eliminates the energy losses associated with multiple conversion stages while maintaining the ability to regulate voltage across wide input ranges, thereby improving energy transmission efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves power conversion efficiency and maintains ideal performance across a wide input voltage range from 9V to 160V by dynamically adjusting the transformer's duty cycle based on input voltage levels, optimizing energy transmission.
Implementation Method 1
The transformer has an input side and an output side. The input side comprises a first winding and a second winding that are connected to the switch node. The output side comprises an output winding.
Data Source
AI summary
A wide input voltage range power converter circuit in a one-stage-two-switch configuration has a power input terminal, a switch node connected to the power input terminal, a transformer, two electronic switches, a pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit, and an output circuit. An input side of the transformer has a first winding and a second winding that are connected to the switch node. An output side of the transformer has an output winding. A turns ratio between the first winding and the output winding is different from a turns ratio between the second winding and the output winding. The two electronic switches are respectively connected to the first winding and the second winding in series. The PWM circuit is connected to the power input terminal and control terminals of the two electronic switches. The output circuit is connected to the output winding.