Ophthalmic Dye Composition for Retinal Surgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ophthalmic staining compositions for vitreo-retinal surgery, such as those using Trypan Blue, Indocyanine Green, and Brilliant Blue G, face limitations in staining efficiency and toxicity, with additives like polyethylene glycol reducing visibility and increasing osmotic pressure, posing risks during surgery.
Innovation Solution
A composition combining Trypan Blue with dyes like Methyl Blue, Methylene Blue, Janus Green, Crystal Violet, Methyl Violet, Ethyl Violet, Evans Blue, and Indocyanine Green, along with diglycerol or triglycerol to enhance density and viscosity, and Gadolinium complexes to improve staining and reduce toxicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high concentrations of dyes are used to achieve appropriate staining, then staining efficiency is improved, but toxicity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple dyes (Trypan Blue with Brilliant Blue G and/or Indocyanine Green) to achieve enhanced staining efficiency. This combination allows for lower individual dye concentrations while maintaining or improving overall staining performance, thereby reducing toxicity associated with high concentrations of single dyes.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite staining solution by formulating combinations of different dyes with distinct spectral properties. This composite approach enables multi-wavelength staining that improves visualization of ophthalmic structures while allowing reduced concentrations of each component dye, thus lowering overall toxicity.
2Stability of the object's composition
If polyethylene glycol is added to increase density and viscosity, then the solution sinks onto the retina, but staining is reduced and visibility of the ILM decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes polyethylene glycol from the formulation and replaces it with alternative density-increasing agents such as sugars or sugar alcohols. This extraction eliminates the harmful effect of PEG on staining efficiency and ILM visibility while maintaining the necessary density for the solution to sink onto the retina.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces intermediary substances (sugars or sugar alcohols) that serve as alternative density-increasing agents. These intermediaries do not interfere with dye staining properties, unlike PEG, thereby maintaining both the sinking capability and the visibility of the internal limiting membrane.
3Stability of the object's composition
If sugars or sugar alcohols are added to increase density, then the solution sinks onto the retina, but osmotic pressure increases contributing to cell death
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully controls and optimizes the concentration parameters of sugars or sugar alcohols in the formulation. By adjusting these parameters within specific ranges, the solution achieves sufficient density to sink onto the retina while maintaining osmotic pressure within safe limits that prevent cell death.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by using different types of sugars or sugar alcohols with varying osmotic properties, and by controlling their local concentration in the formulation. This allows optimization of density while minimizing osmotic pressure effects on retinal cells.
4Stability of the object's composition
If polymeric additives are used to increase density, then the solution sinks onto the retina, but the staining effect of the dye is reduced severely
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts polymeric additives from the formulation and replaces them with non-polymeric density-increasing agents such as sugars or sugar alcohols. This removal eliminates the severe reduction in staining effect caused by polymeric substances while preserving the density necessary for the solution to sink onto the retina.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combination significantly enhances staining efficiency of the internal limiting membrane and epiretinal membrane, reducing the need for high dye concentrations and minimizing toxicity, while maintaining safe osmotic pressure and visibility during ophthalmic surgeries.
Implementation Method 1
additives are used to increase density and viscosity. One additive is a polymer, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG).
Implementation Method 2
additives are used to increase density and viscosity. One additive is a polymer, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG).
Implementation Method 3
the dye solution is injected into the salt solution and should then sink, by gravity, onto the retina
Implementation Method 4
Dyes are used frequently in ophthalomoligical procedures to stain tissues of interest
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the field of medicine, specifically to ophthalmic surgery, more specifically to an improved staining composition for ophthalmic surgery with low toxicity and increased staining efficiency.