Triphenylmethane Dye Selective ILM Staining
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ophthalmic dyes used for staining the internal limiting membrane (ILM) during surgery often stain living cells, leading to potential cell damage due to intense light exposure during surgical procedures, and existing dyes have limited staining ability or solubility issues.
Innovation Solution
Development of a novel compound represented by structure (A) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt/hydrate, which does not stain living cells and exhibits a high staining ability for the ILM, specifically designed for use in ophthalmic surgery, including the anterior cavity, with specific hydrocarbon and substituent configurations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If triphenyl methane dyes are used to stain the ILM, then staining ability is improved, but living cells are also stained leading to potential cell damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of triphenyl methane dyes by introducing specific substituents (X=O or NH, R1-R3 groups with specific hydrocarbon chains) to create localized chemical properties that enable selective staining. The compound structure is designed with specific functional groups that preferentially bind to the ILM while excluding living cells, achieving local quality differentiation in staining behavior.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes chemical parameters of the dye molecules by varying the hydrocarbon chain lengths (C1-8), substituent types (methyl, ethyl, phenyl), and heteroatom positions in the triphenyl methane core structure. These parameter changes optimize the balance between ILM staining affinity and cellular compatibility, achieving high contrast without cytotoxicity.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If Brilliant Blue G is used for ILM staining, then living cell staining is avoided, but staining ability for ILM is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite chemical structures by combining the beneficial properties of Brilliant Blue G (selectivity for dead cells) with enhanced hydrophobic interactions through specific hydrocarbon substituents. The compound integrates the triphenyl methane core with tailored alkyl chains and heteroatom groups to achieve both high ILM affinity and cellular selectivity simultaneously.
3Illumination intensity
If Indocyanine Green is used for staining, then spectral properties are improved, but solubility in aqueous solutions is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces hydrocarbon chains and heteroatom groups as intermediary structures that mediate between the hydrophobic dye core and the aqueous physiological environment. These intermediary groups enhance water solubility through hydrogen bonding and polar interactions while maintaining the spectral properties necessary for effective staining and visualization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compound effectively stains the ILM without staining living cells, providing enhanced visibility during surgery while maintaining minimal cellular toxicity, even under intense illumination, and demonstrates a higher staining ability compared to existing Brilliant Blue G derivatives.
Implementation Method 1
The compound is a dye that stains tissues of interest to enhance contrast and make structures visible
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the field of medicine, specifically to ophthalmic surgery, more specifically to a novel ophthalmic dye for surgery which does not stain living cells.