Infusion Pressure Control for Ophthalmic Surgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ophthalmic surgery systems fail to individually control infusion pressure based on a patient's systemic arterial pressure and mean ocular perfusion pressure, leading to potential retinal microcirculation blockage and visual damage due to one-size-fits-all alarm threshold settings.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising intraocular pressure detection means, arterial pressure detection means, and a control unit that calculates mean ocular perfusion pressure and adjusts infusion pressure to maintain safe levels, emitting alarms if thresholds are exceeded, with an electromedical apparatus connected via an infusion line and capable of manual adjustment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a fixed alarm threshold for infusion pressure is used for all patients, then the alarm system is simple to implement, but it fails to account for individual patient variations in blood pressure and mean ocular perfusion pressure, leading to potential retinal microcirculation blockage
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the alarm threshold based on individual patient parameters (blood pressure, mean ocular perfusion pressure) rather than using a fixed universal threshold. The control unit calculates patient-specific safe infusion pressure ranges by considering real-time physiological data, thereby adapting the alarm parameter to each patient's condition while maintaining system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where the alarm threshold is continuously updated based on monitored patient parameters. The control unit receives real-time blood pressure and intraocular pressure data, recalculates the safe infusion pressure range, and adjusts the alarm threshold accordingly, creating a closed-loop control system that responds to patient condition changes.
2Ease of operation
If the infusion pressure is manually adjusted by the surgeon based on statistical thresholds, then the operation is simple to perform, but it does not prevent infusion pressure from reaching levels that slow or stop retinal microcirculation in patients with lower blood pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The system provides real-time feedback to the surgeon by continuously monitoring infusion pressure and comparing it against dynamically calculated safe thresholds based on patient-specific blood pressure and MOPP values. When the infusion pressure approaches unsafe levels, the system generates alarm signals, enabling the surgeon to adjust pressure manually while having immediate feedback on safety margins.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces purely manual mechanical pressure adjustment with an intelligent control system that uses sensors, microprocessors, and algorithms to calculate safe pressure ranges and provide automated alerts, thereby augmenting the surgeon's manual control with computational safety monitoring.
3Ease of manufacture
If the alarm threshold is set based on statistical considerations equal for all patients, then the system is easy to program and implement, but it leaves residual risk of vision damage for patients with lower blood pressure and therefore lower MOPP
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from a static programmed threshold to a dynamic parameter system where alarm thresholds are continuously recalculated based on patient-specific blood pressure and MOPP measurements. The control unit uses algorithms that process real-time physiological data to generate personalized safe pressure ranges, eliminating the need for manual reprogramming while maintaining ease of implementation through automated calculations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-adjustment of alarm thresholds by automatically calculating patient-specific safe infusion pressure ranges based on monitored physiological parameters. The control unit autonomously updates the alarm threshold without requiring external reprogramming or manual intervention, making the system both easy to implement and highly adaptive to individual patient needs.
Data Source
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AI summary
An infusion pressure control system for ophthalmic surgery includes: - intraocular pressure detection means; - arterial pressure detection means; and a control unit operatively connected to said intraocular pressure detection means and said arterial pressure detection means and configured for calculating the mean ocular perfusion pressure value based on the intraocular pressure and arterial pressure values provided by said intraocular pressure detection means and by said arterial pressure detection means, and for comparing said calculated mean ocular perfusion pressure value and at least one predetermined threshold value.