Ophthalmic Laser System with Computational Distortion Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current femtosecond laser systems for ophthalmic surgery face challenges in minimizing optical distortions and achieving precise control during lens surgery due to the extensive depth range and refractive medium complexities, leading to limitations in precision and safety.
Innovation Solution
A laser system with a computational controller and precompensator to adjust the laser beam's focus and scanning, utilizing femtosecond pulses and adaptive optics to reduce optical aberrations and maintain beam integrity across the 5-10 mm depth range, incorporating an imaging system for precise targeting and chromatic compensation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If nanosecond or picosecond lasers are used for lens fragmentation, then the laser can deliver sufficient energy for photodisruption, but the precision and control of the procedure deteriorate due to considerable energy deposition and high risk of unwanted outcomes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of pulse duration from nanosecond/picosecond to femtosecond scale, which fundamentally alters the interaction mechanism between laser and tissue. This parameter change enables photodisruption with minimal thermal damage and high precision, resolving the contradiction between energy delivery capability and procedural control.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic scanning of the laser focus through the lens using galvanometric mirrors, delivering femtosecond pulses at a controlled rate. This periodic action allows precise spatial control and temporal management of energy deposition, achieving both sufficient total energy delivery and high precision through controlled pulse timing and positioning.
2Manufacturing precision
If existing femtosecond laser systems are designed for corneal surgery with depth range less than 1 mm, then the focusing precision for corneal procedures is achieved, but the adaptability for lens surgery with 5-10 mm depth range deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs dynamic scanning of the laser focus through the entire lens depth range (5-10 mm) using galvanometric mirrors, allowing the focal plane to move dynamically from anterior to posterior surfaces. This dynamic positioning capability enables the same system to maintain focusing precision across varying depths, achieving both corneal and lens surgical applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The laser system is designed with universal capabilities to perform both corneal procedures (depth <1 mm) and lens procedures (depth 5-10 mm) using the same core components. The scanning system and optical path are configured to accommodate the full range of ophthalmic surgical depths, making the system multi-functional for different surgical targets.
3Volume of moving object
If the laser beam is scanned through refractive media with varying indices of refraction, then the ability to target deep lens regions is achieved, but optical distortions and aberrations increase, reducing beam integrity
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates real-time monitoring and feedback control to compensate for optical distortions introduced by refractive media. The scanning and focusing parameters are dynamically adjusted based on feedback signals to maintain beam integrity and focus accuracy throughout the 5-10 mm depth range, counteracting the degrading effects of varying refractive indices.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes scanning angles, pulse timing, and focusing parameters to compensate for optical distortions in refractive media. By continuously adjusting these parameters in response to the beam's propagation through media with varying refractive indices, the system maintains precise focus and beam integrity at deep target depths.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves significant reduction in optical distortions, enhancing precision and safety by maintaining beam integrity and focusing accuracy across the extensive depth range, allowing for precise and controlled femtosecond laser delivery for ophthalmic procedures.
Implementation Method 1
a laser source to produce a surgical pulsed laser beam
Implementation Method 2
lens surgery within the anterior segment of the eye the crystalline lens via photodisruption caused by laser pulses
Implementation Method 3
an objective, to focus the XYZ scanned beam into a focal spot in a target region
Implementation Method 4
an XY scanner to scan the surgical pulsed laser beam in XY transverse directions, a Z scanner, to scan the XY scanned laser beam along a Z axis
Data Source
AI summary
A laser system for ophthalmic surgery includes a laser source to produce a surgical pulsed laser beam, an XY scanner to scan the surgical pulsed laser beam in XY transverse directions, a Z scanner, to scan the XY scanned laser beam along a Z axis, an objective, to focus the XYZ scanned beam into a focal spot in a target region, and a computational controller, to use a computational process to control at least one of the Z scanner and the XY scanner, to control an optical distortion of the focused scanned beam.