Permanent Magnet Actuator with Opposing Rotor Currents
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing permanent magnet electromagnetic actuators face limitations in achieving high torque and short reaction time due to the natural limit of magnetic induction field value, which restricts the use of high currents and increases the risk of demagnetization, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high torque and rapid actuation in applications like mechatronic circuit breakers.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates two superimposed rotor parts with opposite current directions in the same air gap, utilizing radial currents and axial magnetic induction fields, and optimizing the geometry of magnets and driving tracks to maximize Laplace forces while minimizing the risk of demagnetization, allowing for high-intensity currents and high torque without compromising the magnets.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If high currents are used to increase motor torque, then torque increases, but the risk of demagnetization of permanent magnets increases
Solution Approach 1:
The rotor is divided into two separate rotor parts (first rotor part and second rotor part) that can be independently controlled. This segmentation allows the currents in the two rotor parts to be configured in opposite directions, creating opposing magnetic fields that cancel each other's demagnetizing effect on the permanent magnets while both contributing to torque production.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines two rotor parts with opposite current directions into a single actuator system sharing the same permanent magnets. The torques from both rotor parts are additive, while their magnetic fields are opposing, creating a synergistic effect that doubles the torque output without increasing the demagnetization risk.
2Force
If very high currents are circulated to exceed torque limits, then motor torque increases, but permanent magnets may be demagnetized
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single rotor part with high current that risks demagnetization, the patent inverts the approach by using two rotor parts with opposite current directions. The opposing currents create opposing magnetic fields that neutralize each other's harmful demagnetizing effect while both fields contribute constructively to torque generation.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional actuator geometries are used, then design simplicity is maintained, but motor torque is limited by demagnetization risk
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adds a dimensional aspect by introducing a second rotor part that operates in the same physical space as the first rotor part. This dual-rotor configuration within the same air gap allows the system to achieve higher torque by utilizing both rotor parts simultaneously with opposite current directions, effectively doubling the torque capability without significantly complicating the overall actuator geometry.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables the development of a permanent magnet actuator capable of delivering high torque with a long service life and rapid reaction time, overcoming the limitations of existing technologies by allowing high electric currents and reducing the risk of demagnetization, while maintaining low inertia and minimal displacement.
Implementation Method 1
a pole of a magnet of the second series is facing a inverted pole of a magnet of the first series so as to create intense magnetic induction fields in the air gaps thus formed between first and second stator parts
Implementation Method 2
an element made of electrically conductive material immersed in a magnetic induction field is subjected, when it is traversed by an electric current, to a driving force oriented in a direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the current and the magnetic induction field
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a novel electromagnetic actuator comprising permanent magnets and having improved tripping speed and motor torque in relation to those of the prior art. The main use of the invention is the actuation of an electro-mechanical load interrupter specifically to carry out the sectioning operations of a mechatronic circuit breaker intended to interrupt high currents at high voltage.