Opposing Sensor Arrays for Low-Volume Multi-Analyte Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sensing devices require increasing sample volumes with the number of analytes detected, making them inefficient for limited or expensive samples, such as whole blood from neonatal patients.
Innovation Solution
The use of opposing sensor arrays in a sandwich configuration with easily accessible electrical contacts allows for concurrent testing of multiple analytes using a small sample volume, maximizing sensor incorporation and simplifying device interfacing with medical instruments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple analytes are tested using conventional sensing devices, then the number of analytes detected increases, but the sample volume required increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a conventional planar sensor array to a three-dimensional opposing sensor array configuration. Two sensor arrays are positioned on opposite sides of a substrate, creating a sandwich structure where the sample flows through the space between them. This vertical stacking in the third dimension allows multiple analytes to be detected concurrently without requiring proportional increases in sample volume, as the sample passes through the sensor arrays rather than spreading across a large surface area.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested configuration where one sensor array is positioned within the spatial envelope defined by the other sensor array. The first sensor array on the substrate surface and the second sensor array on the opposing side create a nested three-dimensional arrangement. This nesting allows the sensor systems to share the same sample volume efficiently, with each array detecting different analytes from the same fluid stream passing through the intermediate space.
2Quantity of substance
If opposing sensor arrays are used, then sample volume is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The substrate serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides mechanical support for the first sensor array, acts as a spacer to maintain the defined distance between the two sensor arrays, and serves as a structural element for the overall device assembly. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate components, thereby managing device complexity despite the three-dimensional opposing array configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the sample delivery system and sensor detection system into an integrated sandwich structure. The sample flow path is defined by the space between the two sensor arrays, merging the fluidic function with the sensing function. This integration eliminates the need for separate complex fluid handling systems, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining the opposing array configuration.
Data Source
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AI summary
In the various illustrative embodiments herein, test devices are described with opposing sensor arrays and same side contacts.