Firefighting Nozzle With Opposing Swirl Chambers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing firefighting nozzles fail to produce a homogeneous mist spray that covers a large area effectively, especially at low pressures, often leaving voids in the spraying pattern and resulting in non-uniform mist quality.
Innovation Solution
The nozzle design features nested spraying chambers with medium conduits that induce swirling motions in opposite directions, ensuring that the sprays from different chambers swirl in alternating directions, creating a uniform and extensive mist coverage without voids, even at low pressures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Shape
If a swirl chamber is used to produce a circular spray pattern, then the spray swirls and forms a circular cross-section, but the middle area remains void of mist and coverage is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle divides the spray into multiple independent streams (first spray and second spray) that can be controlled separately. The first spray is directed centrally while the second spray forms a ring around it, segmenting the coverage area to eliminate voids and ensure complete coverage without requiring a single large swirl chamber.
2Area of stationary object
If a full spraying cone is used to cover the middle area, then the spray forms a complete cone shape, but the mist quality becomes non-uniform with large drops in the middle
Solution Approach 1:
The spray is segmented into multiple independent streams with controlled diameters. By adjusting the diameter of each spray stream, the system achieves uniform mist quality across the entire coverage area while maintaining complete cone shape coverage, eliminating the large drop problem in the middle area.
3Area of stationary object
If traditional sprinkler nozzles are used to spread spray over a large area, then the spray covers a large area, but the spray is not mist-like and voids remain in the middle area
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses multiple independent spray streams instead of a single large spray. Each stream produces fine mist quality while collectively covering a large area. The nested arrangement of sprays eliminates voids in the middle area while maintaining mist-like characteristics throughout the entire coverage zone.
4Manufacturing precision
If high pressure is used to improve mist quality and coverage, then the spray becomes more effective, but the system becomes less adaptable to low pressure conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is designed to function effectively across a wide pressure range (5-35 bar) by adjusting the diameter parameters of individual spray streams. At lower pressures, the system automatically adapts by modifying spray characteristics to maintain uniform mist quality and complete coverage without requiring high pressure input.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves a uniform and effective mist spray that covers a large area without voids, suitable for firefighting applications, and maintains quality at pressures below 35 bar, typically around 5-12.5 bar, ensuring comprehensive coverage and efficient extinguishing.
Implementation Method 1
the medium is set into a swirling motion at least before the discharge opening of the nozzle used to form each spray
Data Source
AI summary
A method for spraying a medium mist, especially a medium mist used in firefighting, over a large area, in which method at least two sprays of medium mist are formed, of which a first spray (S1) is within a second medium mist spray (S2) at least at or near the spraying point. During the formation of the sprays (S1, S2), the medium is set into a swirling motion at least before the discharge opening (5, 13) of the nozzle used to form each spray (S1, S2) and/or at least before the sprays (S1, S2) are mixed with each other, and that the swirling directions of the medium in different sprays (S1, S2) are opposite to each other, whereby a preferably homogeneous mist spray spread over a large area is achieved.