Optical Element Anomaly Detection in Additive Manufacturing Beams

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Solution Overview

Problem

Additive manufacturing machines face performance issues due to optical anomalies such as debris and damage on optical elements, which affect the energy beams and imaging systems, leading to sub-optimal performance and complexity in the manufacturing process.

Innovation Solution

An additive manufacturing system that includes an energy beam system with optical elements monitored by an assessment beam and light sensors to detect anomalies, using a control system to determine the presence of contaminants or damage and initiate maintenance or replacement as needed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If optical elements are used in the energy beam system without monitoring, then the device complexity is reduced, but the manufacturing precision deteriorates due to optical anomalies affecting the energy beam characteristics

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing precisionVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary monitoring of optical elements by directing an assessment beam through the optical path and detecting reflected beams before the main energy beam processing occurs. This allows detection of optical anomalies such as contaminants or damage on optical elements before they affect the additive manufacturing process, thereby maintaining manufacturing precision without requiring complex real-time intervention systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

An assessment beam is introduced as an intermediary element to evaluate the condition of optical elements. This separate assessment beam, distinct from the main energy beam used for manufacturing, allows non-intrusive monitoring of optical element health. The light sensors detect characteristics of this intermediary assessment beam to determine optical anomalies, enabling precision maintenance without complicating the primary manufacturing system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If optical elements are monitored continuously with assessment beams and light sensors, then the reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional monitoring components

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The optical path and optical elements are utilized for dual purposes: the assessment beam traverses the same optical path as the main energy beam, and the same optical elements are monitored. This multi-functional use of existing system components for both manufacturing and monitoring purposes improves reliability through continuous assessment without proportionally increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-diagnosis by using its own optical infrastructure to monitor the health of its optical elements. The assessment beam and light sensors enable the system to automatically detect optical anomalies and determine when maintenance is needed, allowing the system to monitor itself without requiring external inspection equipment or additional complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Productivity

If optical anomalies are not detected, then the ease of operation is maintained, but the productivity deteriorates due to sub-optimal performance and potential process interruptions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveproductivityVSAvoidease of operation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements feedback by continuously monitoring optical element conditions through the assessment beam and light sensors. The control system receives detection data and automatically determines when optical anomalies are present, providing feedback that triggers maintenance alerts. This automated feedback loop maintains productivity by preventing process interruptions while requiring minimal operator intervention, thus balancing productivity improvement with ease of operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively detects and mitigates optical anomalies, ensuring optimal performance of energy beams and imaging systems, thereby improving the consistency and quality of the additive manufacturing process.

Implementation Method 1

one or more light sensors configured to detect a reflected beam comprising at least a portion of the assessment beam reflected and/or transmitted by at least one of the one or more optical elements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP4091742A1Detecting optical anomalies on optical elements used in an additive manufacturing machine
Publication Date: 2022.11.23 CONCEPT LASER
  • EP4091742A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4091742A1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4091742A1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

An additive manufacturing machine (102) may include an energy beam system (134) configured to emit an energy beam (142, 148) utilized in an additive manufacturing process, and one or more optical elements (206) utilized by, or defining a portion of, the energy beam system (134) and/or an imaging system (162) of the additive manufacturing machine (102). The imaging system (162) may be configured to monitor one or more operating parameters of the additive manufacturing process. The additive manufacturing machine (102) may include a light source (202) configured to emit an assessment beam (204) that follows an optical path incident upon the one or more optical elements (206), and one or more light sensors (208) configured to detect a reflected beam (216) comprising at least a portion of the assessment beam (204) reflected and/or transmitted by at least one of the one or more optical elements (206). The additive manufacturing machine (102) may include a control system (104) configured to determine, based at least in part on assessment data comprising data from the one or more light sensors (208), whether the one or more optical elements (206) exhibit an optical anomaly (500).