Optical Biosensor with Phosphorescent Microparticles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Multianalyte biosensors face challenges in being implanted due to interferents in vivo, difficulty in transdermal signal transduction, and the complexity of miniaturizing electrochemical electronics into a biocompatible form factor, limiting their use in healthcare applications.
Innovation Solution
An optical sensing platform using oxidoreductase enzymes coupled with oxygen-sensitive metalloporphyrin phosphors immobilized in alginate microparticles within a barcode hydrogel, allowing for multiplexed sensing of oxygen and glucose through phosphorescence lifetime changes, enabling continuous monitoring without significant crosstalk between compartments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If electrochemical transducers are used for multianalyte biosensing, then sensing capability is achieved, but interferents in vivo and transdermal signal transduction difficulty limit implantability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electrochemical transduction with optical transduction using phosphorescent microparticles. The optical signal (photoluminescence) is not affected by electrochemical interferents present in vivo, thereby maintaining sensing capability while eliminating sensitivity to harmful electrochemical interference. The optical signals can be transmitted transdermally without the limitations of electrochemical signal transduction.
2Volume of moving object
If electrochemical biosensors are miniaturized for implantation, then form factor is reduced, but difficulty in miniaturizing electronics into integrated biocompatible form factor remains
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the complex electrochemical electronics from the implantable sensor system. By using passive phosphorescent microparticles that emit optical signals naturally upon excitation, the system eliminates the need for miniaturized electronic transducers, amplifiers, and signal processing circuits within the implant, thereby achieving miniaturization without electronic complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an optical intermediary (phosphorescent material) that converts biological analyte interactions into detectable optical signals. This intermediary enables signal transduction without requiring complex electronic components, allowing the sensor to be miniaturized into a biocompatible form factor suitable for implantation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple analytes are sensed simultaneously, then multianalyte monitoring capability is achieved, but signal crosstalk between compartments increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent assigns different phosphorescent properties to microparticles in different compartments - specifically, microparticles with different phosphorescence lifetimes are used in different compartments. This local differentiation of optical properties allows simultaneous detection of multiple analytes without signal crosstalk, as each compartment's signal can be distinguished by its unique phosphorescence lifetime characteristic.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes differences in phosphorescence lifetime (an temporal property analogous to color in spectral differentiation) to distinguish signals from different compartments. By encoding compartment identity through distinct phosphorescence characteristics, the system achieves multianalyte monitoring capability while preventing signal crosstalk through optical property differentiation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The platform demonstrates stable and effective multiplexed monitoring of oxygen and glucose concentrations, with high stability over multiple cycles, suitable for continuous medical monitoring and personalized medicine applications.
Implementation Method 1
oxygen-sensitive metalloporphyrin phosphors immobilized in alginate microparticles within a barcode hydrogel, allowing for multiplexed sensing of oxygen and glucose through phosphorescence lifetime changes
Implementation Method 2
oxidoreductase enzymes coupled with oxygen-sensitive metalloporphyrin phosphors
Implementation Method 3
oxidoreductase enzymes coupled with oxygen-sensitive metalloporphyrin phosphors
Implementation Method 4
oxygen-sensitive metalloporphyrin phosphors immobilized in alginate microparticles
Implementation Method 5
a transmitter having a light source. In some embodiments, the transmitter is operable to be external to the media and operable to receive photoluminescence outputs back from the biosensor
Data Source
AI summary
In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to an analyte detection system. In some embodiments, the system includes a biosensor operable to be implanted into a media and a transmitter having a light source. In some embodiments, the transmitter is operable to be external to the media and operable to receive photoluminescence outputs back from the biosensor to determine properties of an analyte. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to an analyte detection system. In some embodiments, the system includes a biosensor operable to be implanted into a media and a transmitter having a light source. In some embodiments, the transmitter is operable to be external to the media and operable to receive photoluminescence outputs back from the biosensor to determine properties of analytes. In a further embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a biosensor having a plurality of discrete compartments in a barcode configuration.