Optical Catheter Tip for Tissue Proximity Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for evaluating and ensuring tissue contact during cardiac ablation procedures, such as radiofrequency or cryoablation, are inadequate, particularly at low contact angles, and existing force-sensing mechanisms compromise device profile and performance.
Innovation Solution
The use of optical elements on a catheter tip to detect tissue proximity by illuminating and analyzing reflected light signals, allowing for precise determination of contact and apposition force, even at low angles, and enabling the creation of an electro-anatomical model of the heart.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If force-sensing mechanisms are used to measure tissue contact, then tissue apposition quality can be evaluated, but device profile is compromised and flexibility is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical force-sensing mechanisms with optical sensing. The optical sensor detects tissue proximity by measuring light intensity or optical properties, eliminating the need for complex mechanical force sensors. This substitution maintains measurement capability while significantly reducing device profile and improving flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces light as an intermediary medium to sense tissue contact. Instead of directly measuring mechanical force, the system uses light interaction (reflection, absorption, or transmission) as a mediator to indirectly detect tissue proximity and contact quality. This intermediary approach enables precise measurement without physical contact sensors.
2Measurement precision
If traditional force sensing mechanisms are used, then tissue contact can be detected, but precision at low contact angles is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from mechanical force to optical properties (light intensity, reflection, absorption). This parameter change enables detection of tissue proximity at low contact angles where mechanical force is minimal, as optical sensors can detect subtle changes in light interaction even when physical contact pressure is low.
Solution Approach 2:
By replacing mechanical force sensing with optical sensing, the system gains the ability to detect tissue contact at various angles with high precision. Optical sensors can measure proximity and contact quality independent of the contact angle, overcoming the limitation of mechanical sensors that require significant normal force for accurate measurement.
3Measurement precision
If optical elements are added to the catheter tip, then tissue proximity detection is enabled, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates optical sensing functionality into the existing catheter structure, allowing the same device to perform both ablation and proximity detection. The optical elements are incorporated into the catheter tip design, enabling multi-functionality without requiring separate dedicated sensing devices, thus limiting the increase in overall device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides accurate and detailed assessment of tissue contact and proximity, enabling optimal lesion creation and improved ablation efficacy without compromising device performance or profile.
Implementation Method 1
one or more optical elements on the distal tip configured to transmit illumination beyond the distal tip and capture optical signals from tissue or fluids adjacent the distal tip
Implementation Method 2
using one or more optical elements on the distal tip to detect the proximity of the distal tip relative to the tissue. For example, illumination may be directed from the distal tip towards the tissue, and optical signals may be acquired corresponding to light reflect towards the distal tip
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus, systems, and methods are provided for optically sensing position within body lumens within a patient's body, e.g., in blood-filled vessels and chambers. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a tubular member including a proximal end, a distal end sized for introduction into a patient's body, and one or more lumens extending between the proximal and distal ends; a distal tip on the distal end for contacting tissue; and one or more optical elements on the distal tip configured to transmit illumination beyond the distal tip and capture optical signals from tissue or fluids adjacent the distal tip. The distal tip may be positioned within a body lumen, and the optical elements may be used to detect the proximity of the distal tip relative to tissue adjacent the body lumen.