Optical Frequency Comb Offset Control via Photodetection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional optical frequency comb generation devices face challenges in controlling the offset frequency to zero due to the requirement of expensive acousto-optical modulators and the need for bandwidth re-enhancement in devices using difference frequency generators, which result in a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio and narrow bandwidth, respectively.

Innovation Solution

An optical frequency comb generation device that includes an optical frequency comb generator, a detection unit for generating a detection signal indicating the offset frequency, and an error signal detection unit for phase-locking a component with frequency (frep - fceo) to a component with frequency (frep + fceo), allowing for variable control of the offset frequency to zero without the need for bandwidth re-enhancement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If an acousto-optical modulator (AOM) is used to detect and phase-lock the offset frequency, then the offset frequency can be controlled to zero, but the device becomes expensive and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases due to zeroth-order light mixing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoffset frequency control precisionVSAvoiddevice cost and complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the AOM component from the system, replacing it with direct detection of the offset frequency beat signal through photodetection. This eliminates the need for frequency shifting and complex phase-locking mechanisms while maintaining the ability to control the offset frequency to zero, thereby reducing device cost and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the expensive AOM with a simpler, more cost-effective photodetection-based detection unit. This substitution uses readily available photodiodes and electronic signal processing components instead of complex acousto-optical modulators, significantly reducing the overall device cost while achieving the same functional outcome.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Measurement precision

If a difference frequency generator (DFG) is used to generate an optical frequency comb with zero offset frequency, then the offset frequency can be set to zero, but the bandwidth becomes narrow and requires additional bandwidth enhancement processes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoffset frequency control precisionVSAvoidoptical bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the naturally wide bandwidth produced by the optical frequency comb generator into a beneficial feature by directly utilizing it without requiring bandwidth enhancement processes. Instead of using DFG which narrows the bandwidth, the system embraces the intrinsic wide bandwidth of the mode-locked laser comb and maintains it through straightforward photodetection and feedback control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If phase locking is performed on the offset frequency using conventional methods, then the offset frequency can be stabilized, but zero frequency cannot have a phase for phase discrimination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoffset frequency stabilityVSAvoidphase discrimination complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional approach by not attempting to phase-lock the zero-frequency offset directly. Instead, it detects the offset frequency beat signal and uses electronic feedback to control the pump laser parameters, indirectly achieving offset frequency stabilization without requiring phase discrimination at zero frequency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device effectively generates an optical frequency comb with an offset frequency set to zero using a simple configuration, maintaining a wide bandwidth and improving the signal-to-noise ratio without the need for additional bandwidth enhancement processes.

Implementation Method 1

causing a non-linear optical crystal 121 to generate second harmonics (frequencies 2f (N)) of a frequency component having a long wavelength f (N) contained in the optical frequency comb A

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSecond harmonic generation: Second Harmonic Generation

Implementation Method 2

the optical signal B to cause interference with light having a short wavelength (frequency: f (2N)) and obtain an interference signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical interference: Interference

Implementation Method 3

a photodiode 126 to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal B

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric conversion: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3608713B1Optical frequency comb generation device
Publication Date: 2022.05.11 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
  • EP3608713B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3608713B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3608713B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An optical frequency comb generator 11 generates an optical frequency comb A which is a pulse laser beam represented by an aggregate of multiple line spectra having a given repetition frequency frep. An offset frequency fceo detection unit 12 outputs a detection signal which represents an offset frequency fceo detected by substantially attenuating, using a difference amplifier, the power of a component having a repetition frequency frep indicating a frequency spacing between adjacent line spectra of the supplied optical frequency comb A. An error signal generation unit 13 generates, from the detection signal supplied from the offset frequency fceo detection unit 12, an error signal used for phase-synchronizing a component having a frequency difference (frep-fceo) between the repetition frequency frep in the optical frequency comb generated from the optical frequency comb generator 11 and the offset frequency, with a component having a frequency sum (frep+fceo), and supplies said error signal to the optical frequency comb generator 11 through a loop filter 14.