Optical Communication Device Atmospheric Turbulence Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless communication systems using flying objects, such as satellites, power consumption and heat generation are high due to atmospheric disturbances affecting signal light transmission, and existing solutions are inefficient for signal reception and processing, especially when the flying object is the reception end.
Innovation Solution
An optical communication device with a multimode transmission medium, signal distributors, and a signal processing unit that adjusts light intensity and phase to compensate for atmospheric fluctuations, allowing for phase-conjugated signal transmission and reception without increasing power or heat generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If a large-aperture telescope is used to condense sufficient optical power for signal reception, then the signal light intensity is improved, but the device complexity and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single large-aperture telescope into multiple smaller-aperture telescopes. Each telescope processes a portion of the signal light, and their outputs are combined through coherent detection. This segmentation achieves equivalent signal collection capability without requiring a single large-aperture system, thereby reducing device complexity and power consumption while maintaining illumination intensity.
2Measurement precision
If high-sensitivity reception devices are used to compensate for signal attenuation over long distances, then the reception sensitivity is improved, but the power consumption and heat generation increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the reception function across multiple telescopes with moderate sensitivity rather than using a single high-sensitivity device. By distributing the reception task and combining signals through coherent detection, the system achieves equivalent overall sensitivity without requiring each individual component to have extreme sensitivity, thereby reducing power consumption and heat generation.
3Measurement precision
If conventional single-mode fiber techniques are used for free space optics, then transmission precision is improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to atmospheric turbulence effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the optical transmission path into multiple independent channels, each handled by a separate telescope and fiber connection. This segmentation provides diversity against atmospheric turbulence, as different spatial paths experience different turbulence effects. The coherent combination of these segmented paths maintains transmission precision while improving reliability through spatial diversity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the spatial parameter configuration by using multiple telescopes with different aperture positions and orientations. This parameter change allows the system to sample different atmospheric paths, thereby mitigating the impact of localized turbulence on any single path while maintaining overall transmission precision through signal combination.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution stabilizes signal light transmission and reception, reducing noise and increasing intensity without the need for large or high-sensitivity reception devices, thus enhancing communication reliability and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a transmission medium of a multimode type that transmits a reception-side signal light incident through a free space
Implementation Method 2
distributes the reception-side signal light into a plurality of distributed reception-side signal lights at a distribution ratio, the distribution ratio being ratio depending on an intensity distribution of a plurality of mutually different propagation modes
Implementation Method 3
adjusts either or both of a light intensity and a phase to be controlled in the distributed transmission-side signal light to the control target value
Implementation Method 4
the signal light is likely to be affected by turbulence of the atmosphere such as wind
Implementation Method 5
allowing for phase-conjugated signal transmission and reception
Data Source
AI summary
A receiving-side splitter 4 that constitutes part of an optical communication device 1 splits a receiving-side signal light into a plurality of lights at a splitting ratio according to the intensity distribution of mutually different propagation modes included in the receiving-side signal light passed through a transmission medium 3. A transmission-side splitter 10 splits a transmission-side signal light into a plurality of-lights. A signal processing device 5 detects the light intensity and/or the phase of the receiving-side signal light, and sets a control target value for the light intensity and/or the phase of the transmission-side signal light to a value according to the result of the detection. A modulator 9 adjusts the light intensity or the phase of a the transmission-side signal light so that the light intensity or phase equals the set value. A multiplexer 8 multiplexes the plurality of transmission-side signal lights.