Optical Control of Nano-Element Antenna Arrays

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electronically scanned antennas with very small radiating elements face challenges in interconnection due to the need for numerous electrical connectors, which can lead to mutual interference, especially at high frequencies like TeraHertz, making it difficult to produce compact and efficient antennas.

Innovation Solution

The use of a two-dimensional array of radiating elements controlled by an optical source and a spatial light modulator, allowing selective activation of elements through light modulation, eliminates the need for electrical connections and enables dense packing of nano-components to manage high-frequency signals without interference.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If electrical connections are used to control each radiating element, then the antenna can be controlled, but the number of connectors increases dramatically leading to mutual interference and difficulty in production

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol of radiating elementsVSAvoidnumber of electrical connectors
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/electrical connection system with an optical control system. Instead of using electrical wires to control each radiating element, the invention uses optical fields to interact with the radiating elements (such as carbon nanotubes or semiconductor nanowires) and control their electrical conductivity. This substitution eliminates the need for numerous electrical connectors while maintaining control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary substance (such as carbon nanotubes or semiconductor nanowires) that acts as a mediator between the optical field and the radiating elements. This intermediary converts optical energy into electrical conductivity changes, enabling indirect control of the radiating elements without direct electrical connections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Volume of moving object

If radiating elements are spaced closely to reduce antenna size, then compactness is achieved, but mutual interference between adjacent elements increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna sizeVSAvoidmutual interference between elements
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

By replacing electrical control with optical control, the patent enables much closer spacing of radiating elements. The optical control mechanism does not suffer from the same mutual interference problems as electrical connections, allowing elements to be positioned at distances much smaller than the operating wavelength while maintaining independent control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If the number of radiating elements is increased to improve signal control, then the antenna performance improves, but the number of required connectors increases making production impossible

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal control capabilityVSAvoidproduction feasibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the electrical connection system with an optical control system, enabling the fabrication of antennas with thousands of radiating elements. The optical control method avoids the manufacturing impossibility of routing and connecting thousands of electrical wires, making large-scale element arrays feasible.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution allows for the production of compact, high-frequency antennas with reduced mutual interference, enabling efficient operation and dense packing of radiating elements, facilitating the creation of antennas capable of transmitting and receiving signals at frequencies up to TeraHertz without the limitations of traditional electrical connections.

Implementation Method 1

an optical source capable of illuminating said array of radiating elements so as to control their operation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric Effect: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

a two-dimensional spatial light modulator, placed between the optical source and the array of radiating elements, said modulator comprising as many transparent pellets that can be activated as radiating elements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical Modulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 3

electronic scanning antenna comprising an array of two-dimensional radiating elements, formed using nano-components

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic Radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2341579B1Electronic scanning antenna composed of a network of two-dimensional radiating nano-elements
Publication Date: 2015.12.16 THALES SA
  • EP2341579B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2341579B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The antenna (ANT) has an optical source (LSR) i.e. continuous layer, for lighting a two-dimensional radiating element network (ELT) i.e. active reflector, and a two-dimensional light spatial modulator (MSL) that is placed between the optical source and the two-dimension radiating element network. The spatial modulator has activated transparent pastilles (PST) for passing ray from the optical source or non-optical source towards radiating elements.