Optical Dilatometer for Metallic Samples

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing dilatometers face errors due to heat dissipation at contact surfaces creating temperature gradients, which affect the correlation between measured temperature and length change, especially during phase transformations at high heating and cooling rates.

Innovation Solution

A non-contact optical dilatometer with an optical measuring device for length detection and a temperature sensor positioned in the measuring plane, avoiding heat dissipation and allowing accurate measurements even with temperature gradients, using a thermocouple with a small cross-section and an induction coil with a gap to accommodate the measurement plane.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If contact-based measurement stamps are used to measure sample length, then mechanical measurement is simple and direct, but heat dissipation occurs at contact surfaces creating temperature gradients that affect measurement accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature measurement accuracyVSAvoidheat dissipation at contact surfaces
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical contact-based length measurement system with an optical measurement system. A laser beam is directed at the sample, and a photodetector measures the position of reflected light to determine sample length. This substitution eliminates physical contact between measurement stamps and the sample, thereby preventing heat dissipation at contact surfaces and the resulting temperature gradients that compromise measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If optical measurement is used to avoid heat dissipation, then temperature gradient issues are eliminated, but device complexity increases due to additional optical components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement reliability during phase transformationsVSAvoidoptical system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements an optical measurement system using a laser source, optical components (such as mirrors or beam splitters), and a photodetector array to measure sample length changes. This replaces the simple mechanical stamp contact method, increasing device complexity but eliminating heat dissipation at contact points and ensuring reliable measurements during phase transformations when temperature uniformity is critical.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces light as an intermediary medium for measurement. Instead of direct mechanical contact, the optical system uses laser light reflected from the sample surface to convey length information to the photodetector. This intermediary approach allows measurement without physical contact, maintaining sample temperature uniformity while achieving the measurement objective.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Measurement precision

If temperature sensor is placed close to measurement point, then temperature correlation is improved, but heat dissipation from sensor contact creates local temperature gradients

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature-length change correlationVSAvoidlocal temperature gradient from sensor contact
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces contact-based temperature sensing with non-contact optical temperature measurement. An optical pyrometer or infrared sensor measures the sample temperature by detecting thermal radiation emitted from the sample surface. This eliminates conductive heat dissipation from the sensor to the sample, preventing local temperature gradients while maintaining accurate temperature-length change correlation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise temperature-dependent length change measurements without heat dissipation, ensuring accurate detection of phase transformations by aligning the measurement plane perpendicularly to the sample's longitudinal direction and minimizing interference from the temperature sensor.

Implementation Method 1

an optical measuring device for detecting a change in length of the sample in a non-contact manner

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical measurement:

Implementation Method 2

a sensor for measuring the temperature of the sample, in particular in the area of this plane

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermocouple effect: Thermocouple

Implementation Method 3

The sample is heated by an induction coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction heating: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2543992B1Dilatometer for measuring metallic samples
Publication Date: 2018.12.26 WATERS GMBH
  • EP2543992B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2543992B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2543992B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The dilatometer (1) has a sample holder including a pair of clamping pins (4, 14) for receiving and clamping a metallic sample (3), and an induction coil (5) arranged on the metallic sample, where the induction coil heats the metallic sample. A sensor i.e. thermocouple, exactly measures temperature of the metallic sample in a region of a measuring plane of an optical measuring device. The optical measuring device detects change in length of the metallic sample in the measuring plane, and has a transmitter (6) and a receiver (9).