Optical Fiber Detection for High-Voltage Bushing Discharge Faults
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing detection methods for high-voltage bushing discharge faults face challenges such as electromagnetic interference, limited installation positions due to metal components, and reduced sensitivity and accuracy due to signal attenuation and angle-dependent detection issues.
Innovation Solution
An optical fiber detection device comprising an optical fiber sensing unit, delay unit, photoelectric conversion unit, and signal collecting and processing unit, with a Faraday rotator mirror and Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, or Sagnac-type interference structure, allowing for non-metallic, electromagnetic interference-resistant detection with high sensitivity and reliability by winding optical fibers directly around the bushing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If electrical detection methods (UHF, RF, acoustic emission) are used to detect partial discharge, then detection sensitivity is improved, but electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation occur due to metal components and complex bushing structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional electrical detection methods (acoustic emission, UHF, RF) with an optical detection system using fiber optic sensors. The fiber optic sensor detects vibration signals generated by partial discharge through mechanical coupling to the bushing, converting mechanical vibrations into optical signals that are immune to electromagnetic interference. This substitution eliminates the harmful effects of EM interference and signal attenuation while maintaining high detection sensitivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces fiber optic sensors as an intermediary detection medium that couples mechanically to the bushing structure. The sensor acts as a mediator between the partial discharge source and the detection system, transferring vibration signals through the bushing wall without direct electrical contact. This intermediary approach allows detection of internal discharge faults while avoiding the problems of electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation affecting traditional electrical methods.
2Reliability
If acoustic emission probes with metal components are used for ultrasonic detection, then live detection and localization of discharge source can be realized, but installation inside power supply system is prevented and severe signal attenuation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces metal-based acoustic emission probes with fiber optic sensors that have no metal components. The fiber optic sensor can be safely installed inside the power supply system and on the bushing structure without creating electromagnetic interference or safety hazards. This substitution enables both live detection capability and flexible installation, resolving the contradiction between reliability and ease of operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The fiber optic sensor uses a flexible, non-metallic structure that can be mounted on various surfaces of the bushing. The thin film or flexible housing of the fiber optic sensor allows it to conform to the bushing geometry and be installed in locations where rigid metal probes cannot be positioned, thereby improving installation flexibility while maintaining detection reliability.
3Measurement precision
If optical fiber sensing probe without skeleton is used, then sensitivity is improved, but detection reliability is poor due to angle-dependent detection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an asymmetric mounting structure with multiple fiber optic sensors positioned at different angles and locations on the bushing. By strategically placing sensors at asymmetric positions, the system ensures that at least one sensor will detect vibration signals from partial discharge regardless of the discharge location or orientation. This asymmetric multi-point detection approach maintains high sensitivity while improving overall detection reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the detection system into multiple segmented fiber optic sensor elements positioned at different locations on the bushing. Each sensor segment monitors a specific region, and the combined data from multiple segments provides comprehensive coverage. This segmentation approach ensures that sensitivity is maintained in each local region while reliability is improved through redundant detection points, eliminating the angle-dependent limitation of single-point sensors.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The optical fiber detection device effectively reduces electromagnetic interference, enables flexible installation, and enhances detection accuracy and reliability by collecting and processing vibration information from high-voltage bushings without affecting normal operation, improving the ability to detect and diagnose discharge faults.
Implementation Method 1
the detected characteristic parameters are ultrasonic signals
Implementation Method 2
An optical interference structure can be used to monitor weak vibration generated by partial discharge
Implementation Method 3
with a Faraday rotator mirror and Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, or Sagnac-type interference structure
Implementation Method 4
with a Faraday rotator mirror and Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, or Sagnac-type interference structure
Implementation Method 5
The photoelectric conversion unit includes a photodetector
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an optical fiber detection device for detecting a discharge fault of a high-voltage bushing, which includes an optical fiber sensing unit, an optical fiber delay unit, a photoelectric conversion unit, and a signal collecting and processing unit. The optical fiber sensing unit includes sensing optical fibers; the optical fiber delay unit includes delay optical fibers, a light source, and couplers; the photoelectric conversion unit includes a photodetector; the signal collecting and processing unit includes a high-pass filter. The delay optical fibers are connected to the couplers; an output end of the light source is connected to the light-splitting coupler; an input end of the photodetector is connected to the light-splitting coupler, and an output end of the photodetector is connected to the signal collecting and processing unit; and the light-combining coupler is connected to the sensing optical fibers.