Optical Fiber Dual-Layer Coating Low Temperature Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Optical fibers experience increased transmission loss due to minute bending at low temperatures, which is exacerbated by non-crosslinked components in the primary resin layer, necessitating improved low temperature characteristics and dynamic fatigue coefficients.
Innovation Solution
An optical fiber design featuring a primary resin layer with a higher pH than the secondary resin layer, composed of a cured product containing a urethane oligomer, monomer, photopolymerization initiator, and silane coupling agent, and a secondary resin layer with a cured product containing a urethane oligomer, monomer, photopolymerization initiator, and acidic substance, optimized for improved adhesiveness and dynamic fatigue.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If a non-crosslinked component such as a photo-acid generating agent is included in a primary resin layer to improve adhesiveness, then adhesiveness is improved, but transmission loss at low temperature increases
Solution Approach 1:
The coating resin layer is divided into two distinct layers: a primary resin layer (without photo-acid generating agent) that maintains low temperature characteristics, and a secondary resin layer (with photo-acid generating agent) that provides adhesiveness. This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function without compromising the other, resolving the contradiction between low temperature performance and adhesiveness
Solution Approach 2:
Different functional properties are assigned to different locations (layers) of the coating structure. The primary resin layer has the property of maintaining low temperature characteristics (no photo-acid generating agent), while the secondary resin layer has the property of providing adhesiveness (contains photo-acid generating agent). This local differentiation resolves the contradiction by placing each functional component where it is most needed
2Stability of the object's composition
If the primary resin layer has low Young's modulus to improve flexibility, then flexibility is improved, but transmission loss at low temperature increases when non-crosslinked components are present
Solution Approach 1:
The coating is segmented into two layers with different compositions: the primary resin layer contains no photo-acid generating agent to maintain low temperature characteristics while providing flexibility through low Young's modulus, and the secondary resin layer contains the photo-acid generating agent to provide adhesiveness. This segmentation resolves the contradiction between flexibility and low temperature transmission loss
Solution Approach 2:
The primary resin layer is specifically designed with low Young's modulus and no photo-acid generating agent to provide flexibility while maintaining low temperature performance, while the secondary layer provides adhesiveness. This local quality differentiation allows the system to achieve both flexibility and low temperature reliability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The optical fiber exhibits enhanced low temperature characteristics and dynamic fatigue coefficients, reducing transmission loss and maintaining mechanical strength, as demonstrated by specific pH and composition adjustments.
Implementation Method 1
a photopolymerization initiator, and a silane coupling agent
Data Source
AI summary
An optical fiber comprises a glass fiber; a primary resin layer coating an outer periphery of the glass fiber; and a secondary resin layer coating an outer periphery of the primary resin layer, and a pH of the primary resin layer is greater than a pH of the secondary resin layer.