Optical Gas Sensor with Joule-Heated Reflective Layer

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing gas detectors for volatile compounds are complex, expensive, and require long operating times to determine chemical nature and concentration, often requiring additional analyses and consuming high energy.

Innovation Solution

An optical detection device with a sensitive reflective element that uses a transparent, porous sensitive layer and an electrically conductive layer for thermal desorption, allowing rapid detection and quantification of volatile compounds by varying light intensity, which correlates with desorption temperature and concentration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If gas chromatography oven and concentrator are used for thermal desorption and concentration, then detection capability is improved, but device complexity and energy consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection capabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the gas chromatography oven and concentrator from the detection system, retaining only the essential thermal desorption function integrated directly with the sensor. This removal of unnecessary components directly reduces device complexity while preserving the core detection capability through the sensitive layer's direct thermal desorption process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The heating element in the patent serves multiple functions: it provides thermal desorption of volatile compounds from the sensitive layer, concentrates the desorbed compounds through localized heating, and enables detection. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate concentrator and oven devices, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining detection precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If additional analysis devices are used to determine pollutant presence, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sensitive layer in the patent performs multiple functions: it selectively adsorbs specific volatile compounds based on chemical affinity, provides thermal desorption when heated, and enables optical detection through refractive index changes. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate analysis devices, reducing device complexity while maintaining the ability to accurately identify and measure pollutant presence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes optical reflection measurements to detect changes in the sensitive layer's properties during volatile compound adsorption and desorption. The variation in reflected light intensity provides direct information about compound presence and concentration, eliminating the need for additional analysis devices while maintaining measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

3Temperature

If ITO layer and non-conductive element are used for heating and transduction, then heating function is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating functionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the heating function and optical transduction function into a single integrated sensitive layer structure. The sensitive layer itself serves as both the heating target and the optical detection element, eliminating the need for separate ITO heating layers and non-conductive separating elements. This integration significantly simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces component costs while maintaining effective heating and detection capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Ease of operation

If resistance change measurement is used for desorption detection, then detection method is simplified, but chemical nature determination capability is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection method simplicityVSAvoidchemical nature determination
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses optical reflection measurements to detect desorption events, providing simplified detection through light intensity variations. Simultaneously, the specific optical response characteristics and desorption temperature profiles obtained through this method enable determination of the chemical nature of desorbed compounds, thus avoiding information loss while maintaining operational simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent monitors changes in optical reflection parameters (intensity, wavelength) during thermal desorption to detect volatile compounds. By analyzing the specific parameter changes at different desorption temperatures, the system can both simplify detection and determine the chemical nature of compounds, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and information retention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables simple, rapid, and cost-effective detection and quantification of volatile compounds, even at low concentrations, with improved response times and reduced complexity compared to prior art.

Implementation Method 1

optical device (1) for detecting volatile compounds, characterised in that it comprises a sensitive reflective element (3), the reflected light intensity of which varies according to the volatile compounds contained in an atmosphere to be tested and their concentration

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

illumination of the sensitive layer under an incident angle with the light source and measurement of the light intensity reflected by the sensitive reflective element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

an electrically conductive layer configured to heat the sensitive layer in order to allow desorption of the volatile compounds from the sensitive layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 4

a sensitive reflective element whose reflected light intensity varies according to the volatile compounds contained in an atmosphere to be tested and their concentration

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentEP3884266B1Optical device for detecting volatile compounds and associated method for detecting and quantifying volatile compounds
Publication Date: 2023.09.06 UNIV DAIX MARSEILLE
  • EP3884266B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3884266B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3A
  • EP3884266B1 patent drawingFigure 3B~4B

AI summary

The present invention relates to an optical device (1) for detecting volatile compounds, comprising: - a sensitive reflective element (3) comprising: * a substrate layer (31), * at least one sensitive layer (33) configured to allow the adsorption and desorption of the volatile compounds, and * an electrically-conductive layer (35) between the substrate layer (31) and the sensitive layer (33), configured to heat the sensitive layer (33) via the Joule effect, - a light source (5) arranged to illuminate the sensitive layer (33), - a light detector (7) configured for measuring the light intensity reflected by the sensitive reflective element (3), and - a processing and calculation unit (9). The present invention also relates to a method for detecting and quantifying volatile compounds using this optical detection device.