Optical Platoon Communication via Token Relay

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current RF-based vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems in platoons face security and reliability issues due to interference from external purposeful or purposeless signals, and existing optical communication solutions are limited to successive or neighboring vehicles, not enabling secure and reliable communication between any vehicles in a platoon.

Innovation Solution

A communication system using optical radiation (visible, infrared, or ultraviolet signals) with a token-based method, where each vehicle is equipped with forward and backward emitters/receivers, and a controller determines vehicle positions and identities within the platoon, allowing secure multi-hop communication between any vehicles through a token-based data transmission process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If RF-based communication systems are used for vehicle-to-vehicle communication in platoons, then communication coverage and range are improved, but security and reliability deteriorate due to interference from external signals

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication rangeVSAvoidcommunication reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces RF electromagnetic wave-based communication with optical communication using visible light, infrared, or ultraviolet signals. This substitution fundamentally changes the communication medium from radio waves to optical radiation, enabling line-of-sight transmission that is inherently more secure and resistant to external interference while maintaining platoon communication capabilities

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the frequency parameter of the communication signal from RF bands (up to 300 GHz) to optical bands (380-790 THz). This parameter change enables the use of visible light communication which provides directional beam patterns and short transmission ranges, thereby improving security and reliability against external signal interference

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If VLC is used for communication between successive vehicles, then security and reliability are improved, but communication capability between non-successive vehicles deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication reliabilityVSAvoidcommunication versatility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the platoon communication into multiple hops, where each vehicle acts as a relay node. Non-successive vehicles communicate by passing signals through intermediate successive vehicles, breaking down the complex multi-vehicle communication problem into a series of simple point-to-point optical links that maintain security and reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces intermediate vehicles as mediators in the communication path. When a vehicle needs to communicate with a non-successive vehicle, the message is transmitted through one or more intermediate vehicles that relay the optical signals, enabling versatile communication while maintaining the security benefits of line-of-sight transmission

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If optical communication signals are used, then security against external interference is improved, but communication between non-successive or non-linear vehicles deteriorates due to line-of-sight requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication securityVSAvoidplatoon configuration adaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments long-distance communication into multiple short-line-of-sight hops. Instead of requiring a direct line-of-sight path between all vehicles, the communication path is divided into sequential segments where each segment maintains line-of-sight requirements, enabling flexible platoon configurations while preserving security

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extends communication from direct two-vehicle links to multi-dimensional platoon networks by adding the temporal dimension of multi-hop relay transmission. This allows optical signals to traverse complex platoon geometries through multiple relays, maintaining line-of-sight constraints at each hop while achieving versatile inter-vehicle communication

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a robust, secure, and reliable communication system that enables each vehicle in a platoon to communicate with any other vehicle, overcoming external interference and ensuring efficient data transmission through line-of-sight optical signals.

Implementation Method 1

A communication system using optical radiation (visible, infrared, or ultraviolet signals) with a token-based method, where each vehicle is equipped with forward and backward emitters/receivers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical radiation transmission: Light

Implementation Method 2

data transmitted from front and rear headlights of vehicles can be received by other vehicles via photodetectors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotodetection: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3257171B1Communication between vehicles of a platoon
Publication Date: 2019.07.10 OZYEGIN UNIVSI
  • EP3257171B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3257171B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3257171B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A system and method are provided for communication between vehicles within a platoon of vehicles. In one embodiment, each vehicle is equipped with forward and backward directed optical emitters and receivers in operable communication with a controller. In an initialization phase, each vehicle determines its position within the 5 platoon and the identification of all vehicles of the platoon. In a data transmission phase, each vehicle takes part in a token-based data transmission.