Optical Position Measuring Device Scanning Grating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical position measuring devices face contamination issues with scanning gratings, leading to impaired functionality, especially under harsh conditions, and existing protective measures increase system volume and susceptibility to tilting.

Innovation Solution

The optical position measuring device features scanning gratings on the side of the scanning plate facing the scale, with alternating grating materials of different refractive indices and hardness, and a continuous planarization layer or protective layer to ensure easy cleaning and compact design.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the scanning grid is protected by means of a glass plate, then contamination is prevented, but the overall size of the scanning unit increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against contaminationVSAvoidoverall size of scanning unit
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The protective function is merged with the scanning plate itself by creating a planar front surface that serves both as the structural plate and as the protective element. The scanning grid is integrated onto this plate, eliminating the need for a separate protective glass plate while maintaining protection against contamination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The protective function is extracted from a separate component (glass plate) and integrated into the scanning plate structure itself. The planar front surface of the scanning plate becomes the protective element, removing the need for additional protective components and reducing overall volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If the scanning grid is positioned on the side of the scanning plate facing away from the scale, then protection is improved, but the overall size increases and tilting susceptibility increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection of scanning gridVSAvoidsusceptibility to tilting
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of positioning the scanning grid on the back side of the scanning plate (away from the scale), the invention inverts this arrangement by placing the scanning grid on the front side (facing the scale). This inversion maintains a compact design while reducing tilting susceptibility, as the scanning grid is now closer to the scale and less affected by angular deviations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

3Ease of operation

If the scanning grid is cleaned using ultrasonic cleaning method, then contamination is removed, but the scanning grid may be damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecleaning capabilityVSAvoidintegrity of scanning grid
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the physical parameters of the scanning grid by using materials with different hardness values for the grid lines and background. This parameter change makes the grid more resilient to cleaning processes, allowing for effective contamination removal while preventing damage to the grid structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The scanning grid is constructed using composite materials with different hardness properties - harder materials for the grid lines and softer materials for the background. This composite structure provides both the necessary optical contrast and the mechanical resilience required for safe cleaning without damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design makes the scanning gratings less susceptible to dirt, allows for easy cleaning, reduces tilting sensitivity, and maintains a compact system structure, ensuring reliable operation under harsh conditions.

Implementation Method 1

at least the first grid material has a different refractive index and a different hardness compared to the second grid material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

Beams of light emitted from a light source along a scanning beam path illuminate the scale and the scanning grid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight propagation: Light

Data Source

PatentEP3943893B1Optical positioning device
Publication Date: 2023.04.12 DR JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GMBH
  • EP3943893B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3943893B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3943893B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The present invention relates to an optical position measuring device for detecting the position of two objects moving relative to each other. The position measuring device comprises a scale connected to one of the two objects and a scanning unit connected to the other object. This scanning unit has at least one scanning plate with at least one scanning grating arranged on a support body. The scanning grating is located on the side of the scanning plate facing the scale, with beams of light emitted from a light source along a scanning beam path striking the scale and the scanning grating once or several times. The surface of the scanning plate facing the scale is planar. The scanning grating comprises at least a first and a second grating material arranged alternately, with at least the first grating material having a different refractive index than the second grating material.