Optical Signal Power Spectrum Density Measurement via Four-Wave Mixing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current techniques lack an effective method for measuring the power spectrum density of non-linear interference noise in optical communication systems, which is crucial for evaluating the quality of these systems beyond linear optical characteristics.

Innovation Solution

A measurement apparatus that generates optical signals at specific frequencies and measures the power spectrum density of non-linear interference noise by multiplying the power of the optical signal generated through four-wave-mixing by an adjustment value, using a configuration with multiple light sources and a computation unit to determine the adjustment value based on pre-calculated coefficient information.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the GNRF calculation formula is used to obtain non-linear interference noise amount, then the power spectrum density can be calculated theoretically, but the measurement method is not disclosed and the calculation process is very complicated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower spectrum density measurementVSAvoidcalculation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a light source that generates optical signals at multiple frequencies to create a simplified model of non-linear interference noise. Instead of performing complex dual integration calculations as in GNRF, the invention copies the essential characteristics of non-linear interference through controlled four-wave-mixing of known frequency components, enabling direct measurement without complicated computations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary measurement approach by using optical signals at specific frequencies as mediators to probe non-linear interference noise. The light source generates reference signals that interact with the optical transmission path, and the resulting four-wave-mixing products serve as intermediaries to indirectly measure the power spectrum density without direct complex calculation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If multiple light sources are used to generate optical signals for measurement, then the power spectrum density can be measured, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenon-linear interference noise measurementVSAvoidmeasurement apparatus complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The light source is designed to generate optical signals at multiple frequencies simultaneously, making it a multi-functional component that performs both signal generation and measurement probe functions. This universal light source replaces what would otherwise require multiple separate light sources or complex modulation systems, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining measurement capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the functions of multiple light sources into a single light source that can generate optical signals at multiple frequencies. By combining frequency generation, signal injection, and measurement probe functions into one integrated light source, the apparatus complexity is reduced while still enabling the necessary four-wave-mixing measurements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate measurement of the power spectrum density of non-linear interference noise, allowing for the evaluation of the generalized optical signal-to-noise ratio (G-OSNR) and improving the assessment of optical communication system quality.

Implementation Method 1

measuring power of an optical signal of a target frequency output from the optical transmission path and generated in the optical transmission path as a result of four-wave-mixing of the optical signals of the n frequencies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFour-wave-mixing:

Data Source

PatentEP3840252B1Measuring device for optical communication system
Publication Date: 2022.09.07 KDDI CORP
  • EP3840252B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3840252B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~4
  • EP3840252B1 patent drawingFigure 5A~5B

AI summary

A measurement apparatus includes: output means for generating optical signals of, from among n+1 frequencies (n is an integer of 3 or larger) at a predetermined frequency interval, n frequencies except for a target frequency, and outputting the generated optical signals to an optical transmission path that is a measurement target; measurement means for measuring power of an optical signal of the target frequency output from the optical transmission path and generated in the optical transmission path as a result of four-wave-mixing of the optical signals of the n frequencies; and determination means for determining a power spectrum density of non-linear interference noise that occurs in the optical transmission path, by multiplying the power of the optical signal of the target frequency by an adjustment value.