Optical Pulse Wave Respiratory State Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional respiratory state estimating devices using electrocardiograms require extensive equipment and burden the subject, while devices using pulse waves struggle to estimate respiratory states in a short time due to reliance on baseline variation analysis.
Innovation Solution
A portable and wearable device that optically acquires pulse wave signals from a living subject using a camera or photoplethysmography, calculates pulse rate, and estimates respiratory states based on pulse rate variations, enabling real-time estimation without the need for baseline signal processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If electrocardiogram is used to estimate respiratory state, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and subject burden increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electrocardiogram-based mechanical/electrical measurement system with an optical pulse wave measurement system. By using a camera to capture pulse wave information from skin color changes, the system achieves respiratory state estimation without requiring complex ECG equipment, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses optical imaging to create a visual copy of pulse wave information through skin color changes. Instead of directly measuring electrical heart activity, the system captures optical reflections that copy physiological information, enabling indirect but accurate respiratory state estimation with simpler equipment
2Device complexity
If pulse wave baseline variation analysis is used to estimate respiratory state, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement speed deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts respiratory state information directly from pulse wave peak intervals rather than from baseline variations. By focusing on the extracted feature of peak-to-peak intervals, the system eliminates the need for complex baseline analysis processes, enabling faster respiratory state estimation while keeping the device simple
Solution Approach 2:
The patent skips the time-consuming baseline variation analysis step by directly measuring pulse wave peak intervals. This allows the system to rush through to the final respiratory state estimation more quickly, improving measurement speed without requiring complex additional processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device provides accurate, real-time estimation of respiratory states, including inspiration, expiration, and apneic conditions, with reduced subject burden and improved processing efficiency compared to traditional methods.
Implementation Method 1
a pulse wave signal acquiring unit that optically acquires a pulse wave signal from a portion of a living subject
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a respiratory state estimating device including a pulse wave signal acquiring unit that acquires a pulse wave signal from a portion of a living subject, a pulse rate calculating unit that calculates a pulse rate of the living subject based on the pulse wave signal, and a respiratory state estimating unit that estimates a respiratory state of the living subject based on the pulse rate. Also, provided is a respiratory state estimating method including optically acquiring a pulse wave signal from a portion of a living subject, calculating a pulse rate of the living subject based on the pulse wave signal, estimating a respiratory state of the living subject from the pulse rate.