Optical Active Resonator Concentration Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining the concentration of a subject based on fraction bound measurement are limited by requiring initial reaction timing for signal measurement and are prone to inaccuracies due to external factors, making it difficult to control and measure concentrations effectively.
Innovation Solution
A method that allows for the determination of relative concentration through simultaneous measurement of both sample and reference signals, using an optical active resonator with silicon nano-clusters and a Langmuir model analysis, enabling accurate concentration determination by offsetting external factors and allowing for one-time signal measurement at any reaction stage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate measurements of sample and reference signals are performed, then concentration determination is possible through comparison, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to external factors affecting each signal differently
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the measurement of sample and reference signals into a single simultaneous measurement process. By integrating both measurements into one experimental run, the system eliminates variations caused by external factors (temperature, pH, instrument drift) that would otherwise affect separate measurements differently, thereby improving concentration determination accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the reference signal measured simultaneously with the sample signal as a real-time feedback mechanism. The reference signal, which experiences the same external conditions, serves as a baseline to compensate for and subtract environmental variations from the sample measurement, enhancing measurement precision.
2Measurement precision
If measurement is performed only at initial reaction step, then concentration can be determined, but measurement reliability deteriorates due to difficulty in timing and setup
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary setup by simultaneously establishing both sample and reference measurement channels before the reaction begins. This preliminary configuration ensures that when the reaction starts, both measurements are already in place and synchronized, eliminating the need for precise timing at the initial reaction step and improving measurement reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of limiting measurement to only the initial reaction step, the system maintains continuous simultaneous measurement of both sample and reference signals throughout the reaction process. This continuous monitoring approach allows concentration determination at any time point while maintaining high reliability, as the simultaneous measurement setup remains stable throughout the reaction.
3Measurement precision
If multiple separate measurements are performed for sample and reference, then concentration comparison is possible, but measurement time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the measurement of sample and reference signals into a single simultaneous measurement process. By using one measurement system to capture both signals at the same time, the total measurement time is reduced compared to performing separate measurements sequentially, while still enabling accurate relative concentration determination through comparison.
Solution Approach 2:
The measurement system is designed with multi-functionality to handle both sample and reference measurements simultaneously using the same optical path and detection mechanism. This universal approach allows the system to perform multiple measurement functions (sample detection, reference detection, environmental monitoring) through a single integrated setup, reducing overall measurement time and complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables fast, efficient, and accurate concentration determination by simplifying the measurement process and reducing the impact of external factors, allowing for precise relative concentration calculations using a single measurement.
Implementation Method 1
a polymer microcavity doped with laser dyes is used in the active resonator
Implementation Method 2
in a surface plasmon resonance resonator or a whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator being actively researched as optical sensors
Implementation Method 3
the WGM refers to a specific resonance mode contained within a resonator having a smooth edge, such a sphere or disk, due to continuous and internal total reflection
Implementation Method 4
when a subject to be detected reacts to the ligand fixed to the surface, the concentration and dynamic characteristic of the subject are analyzed using a fraction bound based on an optical signal measured through the reaction
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein is a method of determining a concentration of a subject based on fraction bound measurement. The method of determining a concentration of a subject based on fraction bound measurement may include fixing a ligand to a surface of an optical device, measuring a fraction bound of a subject to be detected based on an optical signal when the subject reacts to the ligand fixed to the surface of the optical device, and determining a relative value of a concentration of the subject based on a ratio of measured values of the fraction bounds of the subject and a reference signal.