Optically Variable Security Element Nested Relief Structures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optically variable security elements lack enhanced security against forgery and visual attractiveness, particularly in producing elements with multiple color appearances or effects that are simple and inexpensive to produce.

Innovation Solution

An optically variable security element with a multi-colored reflective surface area featuring two relief structures at different height levels, a translucent colored flat structure between them, and micromirror arrangements, creating distinct color impressions and motifs when viewed from different angles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If multiple optically variable structures are overlapped to create multi-color effects, then security against forgery and visual appeal are improved, but device complexity and production difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity against forgeryVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements nesting by placing a first optically variable structure on a carrier and a second optically variable structure on top of the first structure. The second structure is positioned such that parts of the first structure remain visible through transparent or translucent areas, creating a nested configuration where multiple optical layers coexist and interact to produce multi-color effects and enhanced security features.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent adds a vertical dimension to the optical structures by stacking them at different heights on the carrier. The first and second optically variable structures are arranged at different vertical positions, allowing light to interact with multiple layers sequentially. This dimensional arrangement enables complex color effects and viewing angle dependencies that cannot be achieved with planar structures alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If multiple optically variable structures are overlapped to create multi-color effects, then security against forgery and visual appeal are improved, but production cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity against forgeryVSAvoidproduction cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the carrier serve multiple functions: it supports both the first and second optically variable structures, provides a base for mounting, and can itself contribute to the optical effects. The single carrier structure replaces what would otherwise require multiple separate substrates, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing material costs while maintaining the complex multi-layer optical functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple optically variable structures onto a single carrier instead of using separate carriers for each structure. The first and second structures are integrated on the same substrate, allowing for simplified production steps, reduced material usage, and easier quality control, thereby lowering overall production costs while achieving enhanced security effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Illumination intensity

If translucent colored flat structure is added between relief structures, then color effect and visual appeal are improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecolor effectVSAvoidlayer structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a translucent colored layer as an intermediary element positioned between the first and second optically variable structures. This intermediate layer modifies the optical interaction between the two structures by filtering and coloring the light passing through it, creating enhanced color effects and visual appeal while maintaining compatibility with the existing relief structure geometry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides increased security against forgery by offering binary color and effect changes without overlapping appearances, enhancing visual attractiveness with seamless transitions between motifs and colors, while being cost-effective and simple to produce.

Implementation Method 1

The higher relief structure and/or the lower relief structure are formed by micromirror arrays with directional micromirrors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

a translucent colored flat structure is arranged at a height between the two relief structures... the light transmittance of the flat structure is advantageously between 20% and 80%

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight transmission and filtering: Filter (optical)

Data Source

PatentEP4013624B1Optically variable security element
Publication Date: 2023.11.22 GIESECKE & DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH
  • EP4013624B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4013624B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~4
  • EP4013624B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to an optically variable security element (12) for securing valuable items, the surface extent of which defines a z-axis perpendicular thereto, comprising a multicolour reflective surface area (20), wherein: the multicolour reflective surface area (20) contains two relief structures (24, 34) which are arranged in the z-direction in different vertical levels and form a relief structure lying lower and a relief structure lying higher; the relief structure (24) lying lower is provided with a first colour coating (26) following the relief shape, and the relief structure (34) lying higher is provided with a second colour coating (36) following the relief shape; a light-permeable coloured planar structure (44) is arranged in the z-direction at a vertical level between the two relief structures (24, 34); the two relief structures (24, 34) and the planar structure (44) overlap in an overlapping region; and the second colour coating (36) of the relief structure (34) lying higher comprises at least one recess (54) in the overlapping region, in which recess, when viewing the security element, the relief structure (24) lying lower appears owing to the combined colour effect of the coloured planar structure (4) and the first colour coating (26).