Optical Analyte Sensor Correction for Blood and Oxidation Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Analyte monitoring systems face interference issues due to blood in interstitial fluid and oxidation-induced degradation of analyte indicators, leading to inaccurate measurements and the need for frequent recalibrations, which are uncomfortable for users.
Innovation Solution
An analyte monitoring system that includes an analyte indicator and a degradation indicator, using optical properties to detect and correct for interference without the need for reference analyte measurements, by employing an interferent indicator that varies with the effect on the analyte indicator and adjusting conversion functions based on empirical correlations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If an analyte sensor is implanted in an animal to continuously monitor analyte levels, then continuous analyte level measurement is achieved, but sensitivity is lost over time due to blood interference and oxidation-induced degradation of the analyte indicator
Solution Approach 1:
The indicator element is segmented into multiple functional indicators: an analyte indicator for measuring analyte levels and a degradation indicator for measuring oxidation damage. This segmentation allows independent monitoring of analyte concentration and sensor health, enabling continuous accurate measurement throughout the implantation period.
Solution Approach 2:
The degradation indicator provides real-time feedback on oxidation damage to the analyte indicator. The processor uses this feedback to calculate a degradation factor and adjust the analyte measurement accordingly, maintaining accuracy despite progressive sensor degradation from blood exposure and oxidation.
2Measurement precision
If recalibration using reference analyte measurements is performed to correct sensitivity loss, then measurement accuracy is restored, but user comfort is reduced due to uncomfortable reference measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs self-diagnosis and self-correction by using the degradation indicator to automatically quantify oxidation damage and adjust measurements accordingly. This eliminates the need for external reference analyte measurements and manual recalibration by the user, maintaining accuracy while improving comfort.
Solution Approach 2:
The degradation indicator acts as an intermediary that mediates between the analyte indicator and the measurement system. It provides information about oxidation damage that allows the processor to correct analyte measurements without requiring direct user intervention or reference measurements.
3Productivity
If the analyte indicator is exposed to blood in interstitial fluid to enable continuous monitoring, then continuous analyte level measurement is achieved, but interference from blood and oxidation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The degradation indicator serves as an intermediary that specifically measures the harmful effects of blood exposure and oxidation on the analyte indicator. This allows the system to distinguish between actual analyte concentration changes and artifacts caused by blood interference, enabling accurate continuous monitoring despite the presence of harmful factors.
Solution Approach 2:
The system converts the harmful effect of oxidation into a useful measurement signal. The degradation indicator, which also undergoes oxidation, provides a proportional signal that can be used to calculate and correct for oxidation-induced degradation of the analyte indicator, turning the harmful oxidation process into a correctable parameter.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides accurate analyte measurements by correcting for interference, reducing the frequency of recalibrations and enhancing user comfort by maintaining measurement accuracy over time.
Implementation Method 1
The analyte indicator may have an absorption that varies in accordance with an amount or concentration of the analyte in the medium
Implementation Method 2
The interferent indicator may have an absorption that varies in accordance with the effect on the analyte indicator
Implementation Method 3
The degradation may be caused by, for example, oxidation of the analyte indicator induced by cellular generated reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Data Source
AI summary
A sensor, system, and method for detecting and correcting for an effect on an analyte indicator of an analyte sensor. The analyte indicator may have a first detectable property that varies in accordance with an analyte concentration and an effect on (e.g., degradation of) the analyte indicator. The analyte sensor may also include an interferent indicator having a second detectable property (e.g., absorption) that varies in accordance the effect on the analyte indicator. The analyte sensor may generate (i) an analyte measurement based on the first detectable property of the analyte indicator and (ii) an interferent measurement based on the second detectable property of the interferent indicator. The analyte sensor may be part of a system that also includes a transceiver. The transceiver may use the analyte and interferent measurements to calculate an analyte level.