Optical Sensor Arrangement Using Orthogonal Modes for Precision Measurement

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical sensor arrangements for measuring observables are complex and not cost-efficient, making them difficult to produce and use effectively, especially in scanning the resonance properties of materials with high accuracy in the picometer or sub-picometer region.

Innovation Solution

An optical sensor arrangement that uses a tunable light source and optical resonator with differing optical lengths for orthogonal modes, allowing for variable optical lengths based on the observable, which differ in their dependence on the presence of substances, enabling measurement of frequency differences to detect the presence of observables without the need for complex reference resonators.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If passive reference resonators with sensitive temperature adjustment arrangements are used to scan resonance properties, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresonance property measurement accuracyVSAvoidtemperature adjustment arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the reference resonator and measurement resonator into a single integrated optical resonator structure that supports multiple orthogonal modes. Instead of using separate reference resonators with complex temperature control, the invention uses a single resonator where different modes serve as reference and measurement channels, eliminating the need for complex temperature adjustment arrangements while maintaining measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The optical resonator is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as both a reference resonator and a measurement resonator by supporting orthogonal modes with different optical lengths. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate reference resonators and their associated complex control systems, reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If multiple microrings with identical resonance properties are produced, then measurement accuracy is improved, but manufacturing difficulty increases due to temperature dependency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresonance peak spectral definition accuracyVSAvoidmicroring production difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of producing multiple separate microrings with identical resonance properties, the patent merges the reference and measurement functions into a single microring resonator that supports multiple orthogonal modes. This approach eliminates the manufacturing difficulty of producing identical separate microrings while achieving the same measurement precision through modal differentiation within one resonator.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Device complexity

If a single optical resonator with orthogonal modes is used, then device complexity is reduced, but the ability to scan resonance properties with high accuracy is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor arrangement complexityVSAvoidresonance frequency detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent exploits the dynamic properties of orthogonal modes within a single resonator, where each mode has a distinct optical length that responds differently to changes in the measurement parameter. By tuning the resonator or using broadband excitation, the system can scan through resonance frequencies and detect shifts with high accuracy, maintaining measurement precision while reducing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operational parameters of the single resonator by utilizing orthogonal modes with different optical lengths. These parameter differences allow the system to distinguish between reference and measurement signals, enabling accurate resonance frequency detection without requiring multiple separate resonators or complex control arrangements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution simplifies the optical sensor arrangement, allowing for cost-efficient measurement of observables with high accuracy, enabling detection of small variations in resonance frequencies, such as those due to pressure, temperature, or molecular presence, by scanning through frequency intervals and utilizing a single optical resonator with an active layer for selective absorption.

Implementation Method 1

Optical resonators such as optical microrings are very sensitive optical sensor types that use the evanescent electromagnetic field travelling there through for scanning a surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvanescent electromagnetic field:

Implementation Method 2

scan resonance properties of different materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP2758768B1Optical sensor arrangement and method for measuring an observable
Publication Date: 2018.03.14 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP2758768B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~2a
  • EP2758768B1 patent drawingFigure 2b~2c
  • EP2758768B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to an optical sensor arrangement (1; 10; 40; 60) for measuring an observable comprising: at least one light source (2; 11, 12; 41, 42; 62, 63, 64) for generating a first light component of a first frequency comprising a first mode and a second light component of a second frequency comprising a second mode orthogonal to said first mode; an optical resonator (4; 17; 45; 69) having differing optical lengths for the first and second modes, at least one of the optical lengths being variable depending on the observable and a dependence of the respective optical length being different for said first and second modes, wherein the at least one light source is optically coupled to the optical resonator for feeding the two light components into the optical resonator; and a detector unit (6; 23 52; 74) being coupled to the optical resonator for coupling out the two light components and being configured for detecting a frequency difference between a resonance frequency of the optical resonator for the first mode and a resonance frequency of the optical resonator for the second mode. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for measuring an observable by means of an optical sensor arrangement (1; 10; 40; 60) of this kind.