Optical Tomography Feedback Control for Photodynamic Therapy Dosimetry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current photodynamic therapy (PDT) systems face challenges in addressing inter- and intra-patient variations in tissue absorption and scattering coefficients, leading to inadequate light distribution and treatment efficacy, which affects patient safety and treatment duration.
Innovation Solution
A PDT system incorporating a control unit, dosimetry unit, and optical diagnostic tomographic calculation unit that performs pre- and during-treatment measurements for real-time tomographic reconstruction of therapy parameters, using optical tomography to optimize light dosimetry and adjust treatment parameters based on individual patient data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional PDT systems are used without real-time monitoring, then the treatment procedure is simpler and faster to implement, but the light distribution becomes inadequate and treatment efficacy decreases due to inter- and intra-patient variations in tissue absorption and scattering coefficients
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs pre-treatment optical measurements and tomographic reconstruction to map tissue optical properties before light delivery. This preliminary characterization of absorption and scattering coefficients allows the treatment plan to be optimized in advance for each patient's specific tissue characteristics, ensuring precise light distribution from the outset.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements real-time feedback by continuously monitoring tissue optical properties during PDT treatment and dynamically adjusting light delivery parameters. The control unit receives updated optical property data from measurements taken during treatment and modifies illumination intensity and distribution accordingly, maintaining optimal light dosimetry despite tissue changes.
2Reliability
If real-time tomographic reconstruction and feedback control are implemented, then patient safety improves and treatment precision increases, but the treatment time increases due to additional measurements and calculations
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs optical measurements and tomographic reconstructions continuously or at multiple stages during the treatment process rather than as separate pre- and post-treatment steps. This continuous monitoring and adjustment approach ensures patient safety is maintained throughout treatment without requiring lengthy interruptions, as the feedback control operates in real-time during light delivery.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs measurements at strategically selected time points during treatment (pre-treatment, during treatment, and post-treatment) rather than continuous measurements throughout. This partial sampling approach provides sufficient information for feedback control while minimizing the time overhead of measurements and calculations.
3Manufacturing precision
If individualized treatment optimization is performed for each patient, then treatment efficacy improves, but the cost and complexity of the procedure increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a multi-functional integrated platform that combines optical measurement capabilities, tomographic reconstruction algorithms, and feedback control in a single system. This universal device performs multiple functions (diagnostic imaging, treatment planning, real-time monitoring, and control) that would otherwise require separate systems, reducing overall procedural complexity and cost while maintaining individualized treatment optimization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances patient safety by improving treatment precision and reducing treatment time while maintaining efficacy, allowing for more flexible and cost-effective PDT procedures.
Implementation Method 1
optical diagnostic tomographic calculation unit that performs pre- and during-treatment measurements for real-time tomographic reconstruction of therapy parameters
Implementation Method 2
measurements of tissue in or at a subject for said PDT treatment based on at least one light source
Implementation Method 3
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment modality that has shown promising results in terms of selectivity and efficacy
Implementation Method 4
one aims to induce tissue damage in a tissue volume using interstitially placed optical light sources, such as optical fibers
Data Source
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AI summary
Control of interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT) by means of modulation control and/or optical tomography are disclosed. Accurate reconstruction of optical properties in tissue treated by the PDT is provided. Optical tomography is used as an input for controlling dosimetry in said PDT system.