Optical Wheel Assembly for Stable Contact Pressure in Laser Welding

The patent replaces the traditional mechanical pressing system with an optical system. A laser beam is focused through an optical lens onto the workpiece surface, and the reaction force from the workpiece automatically provides the clamping force. This substitution of mechanical pressing with optical focusing eliminates the difficulty of maintaining consistent contact pressure on large workpieces, as the optical system naturally concentrates energy at the focal point while the workpiece's own mechanical response provides stable clamping.

The patent employs spherical optical lenses with precisely defined radii of curvature. The lens is positioned between two spherical surfaces with matching curvatures, creating a stable geometric configuration. This spherical geometry ensures that the lens maintains its position and orientation during the welding process, preventing uncontrolled rotation or slippage while allowing the laser beam to be transmitted and focused effectively.

The patent replaces external mechanical clamping systems with an internal force balance mechanism. The laser beam is focused through the optical lens onto the workpiece surface, creating a localized heating zone. The reaction force from the workpiece material resistance to this focused energy automatically generates the necessary clamping force, eliminating the need for external mechanical pressure that could cause shifting or deformation of large workpieces.