Organ Perfusion Oxygen Flow Control With Plenum Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing oxygen delivery systems for isolated organs like the kidney, spleen, and pancreas face challenges in delivering precise, low-power oxygenation due to high fluctuations in oxygen delivery rates, leading to potential preservation injury through over or under oxygenation.
Innovation Solution
A perfusion system with an oxygen concentrator, plenum chamber, flow control valves, and a controller to regulate oxygen flow accurately, using sensors to maintain physiological oxygen levels in perfusion fluid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional oxygen delivery systems are used for isolated organs, then oxygen supply is available, but oxygen delivery rate fluctuates significantly causing over or under oxygenation
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs a feedback control mechanism where oxygen sensors continuously monitor the oxygen content of perfusion fluid, and the controller adjusts the flow control valve to maintain stable oxygen delivery rates between 1-50 ml/min, preventing both over-oxygenation and under-oxygenation of isolated organs
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating parameters of oxygen delivery by using flow control valves to precisely regulate oxygen flow rates to match the specific metabolic requirements of isolated organs, delivering physiological amounts of oxygen (10-50 ml/min) rather than conventional high flow rates
2Weight of moving object
If oxygen concentrator is used instead of gas cylinder, then portability is improved, but oxygen flow control precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces a plenum chamber as an intermediary component between the oxygen concentrator and the oxygenator. This chamber acts as a buffer that stabilizes oxygen flow and pressure, enabling precise flow control (10-50 ml/min) even when using a portable oxygen concentrator instead of a rigid gas cylinder system
3Quantity of substance
If high oxygen delivery rates are used, then oxygen supply is sufficient, but free radical production increases causing preservation injury
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the oxygen delivery parameter from conventional high flow rates (100-5000 ml/min) to physiological low flow rates (10-50 ml/min) matched to organ metabolic requirements. This parameter change prevents oxygen toxicity and free radical production while maintaining adequate oxygenation of isolated organs during machine perfusion
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves precise oxygen delivery with minimal power consumption, reducing the risk of preservation injury by stabilizing oxygen content in perfusion fluid.
Implementation Method 1
an oxygen source, for example an oxygen concentrator
Implementation Method 2
a flow control means, for example one or more valves, arranged to control the flow of oxygen
Implementation Method 3
oxygenation means for adding oxygen into the perfusion fluid
Data Source
AI summary
A perfusion system for the extracorporeal perfusion of an organ comprises a perfusion fluid circuit (100) for circulating perfusion fluid through the organ, oxygenation means (104) for adding oxygen into the perfusion fluid and having an oxygen inlet (126), an oxygen concentrator (140) having an oxygen outlet (144), a plenum chamber (148) connected to the outlet of the oxygen concentrator and to the oxygen inlet of the oxygenation means, a flow control valve (160) arranged to control the flow of oxygen from the plenum chamber to the oxygenation means, and a controller (166) arranged to control the flow control valve (160) thereby to control the rate of flow of oxygen to the oxygenation means (104).